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Definition
| forms a ridge from north to south down the middle of Italy that divides west from east |
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| 3 large fertile plains ideal for farming |
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Definition
Po River Valley
Plain of Latium
Campania |
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Term
| Rome was located on the _______ River |
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Definition
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Definition
| Indo-European peoples moved into Italy |
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Latins lived in the region of ________.
They were ______ and _________. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Greeks and Etruscans began to settle in Italy |
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Term
| Where did the Greeks settle? |
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Definition
| souther Italy and the eastern 2/3 of Sicily |
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Term
| What three things did the Greeks influence on Rome? |
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Definition
cultivation of olives and grapes
passing of alphabet
artistic and cultural models through sculpture, architecture, literature |
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Term
| Where were the Etruscans settled? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Etruscans expanded into north-central Italy and came to control Rome and most of Latium |
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Term
| What two things did the Etruscans influence on Roman culture? |
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Definition
the toga and short cloak
organization of the Roman army |
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Term
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Definition
| Early Rome was under the control of seven kings (two of the last three kings were Etruscans) |
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Definition
| Romans overthrew the last Etruscan king and established a republic |
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Definition
| form of government in which the leader is not a monarch and certain citizens have the right to vote |
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Definition
| Rome crushed the Latin states in Latium |
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Definition
Romans overcame the Greeks and completed conquest of southern Italy
First Punic War |
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Definition
| allowed some peoples -- especially Latins -- to have fully Roman citizenship, while the remaining commmunities were made allies |
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Term
| Romans were successful due to their (4)... |
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Definition
| diplomacy, military matters, law and politics, conquest |
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Definition
| great landowners who became Rome's ruling class |
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Definition
| less wealthy landholders, craftspeople, merchants, small farmers |
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Definition
| chief executive officer of the Roman Republic; two were elected each year, one to run government and one to lead the army into battle |
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Definition
| official of the Roman Republic in charge of enforcing civil law |
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Definition
| select group of about three hundred patricians who served for life; at first, advised govt officials, then had the force of law |
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Definition
| elected chief officials and passed laws |
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Definition
| created in 471 BC, it was a popular assembly for plebeians only |
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Term
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Definition
| new officials given the power to protect the plebeians |
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Term
4th Century BC...
287 BC... |
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Definition
Plebeians permitted to become consuls
Council of plebs received right to pass laws for all Romans |
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Term
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Definition
| 450 BC: Rome's first code of laws |
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Term
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Definition
| natural law, universal law based on reason; enabled Romans to establish standards of justice that applied to all people |
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Definition
| Carthage was founded on the coast of North Africa by the Phoenicians |
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Definition
| Carthage gave up all rights to Sicily and paid a fine to the Romans |
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Term
| The greatest Carthaginian general |
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Definition
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Definition
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| Hannibal crossed the ____ with an army of about 46,000 men, horses, 37 battle __________ |
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Definition
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Definition
| Romans decided to meet Hannibal head on; At Cannae, Romans lost an army of almost forty thousand men |
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Definition
| Romans pushed Carthaginians out of Spain |
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Definition
| Battle of Zama: Romans crushed Hannibal's forces, ending war |
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Definition
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| States made into Roman provinces (5) |
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Definition
| Spain, Carthage (Africa), Macedonia, Greece, Pergamum |
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Term
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Definition
| all male Roman citizens were equal under the law |
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