Negative intrathoracic pressure

Inspiration 

Expiration

Pulls lungs to sides of thorax

Helps the large veins return blood back into the atria

Inspiration

Inhalation

Drawing air into the lungs 

Diaphragm and external intercostals 

Exhalation

Pushing air out of the lungs

Abdominals and internal intercostals 

Tidal volume

Minute volume

Residual volume

Inhaled gases

O2 diffuses from area of high concentration (alveoli) to area of low concentration (capillaries)

Partial pressure of O2 is lower in the capillaries

Control of Respiration

Respiratory center in maduella oblongola 

- Involuntary/subconscious

- Nerve impulses

Chemical vs Mechanical

Voluntary 

CO2 down respiration down

Monitors the blood

Central chemorecptors in madulla oblongota

Peripheral chemoreceptors in corotide and aorita

Respond in changes in O2, CO2, and PH of blood

Cough

- Productive - mucus; does something for the body

- Non productive - stops it

Sneeze - involuntary 

Reverse sneeze

Hiccups - diaphragm spasms

Yawn/Sigh