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The Respiratory System
N/A
27
Veterinary Medicine
Undergraduate 1
05/06/2013

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Cards

Term
Primary Functions of the Respiratory System
Definition

Bring oxygen into the body

 

Release carbon dioxide from the body

Term
Secondary Functions of the Respiratory System
Definition

Sense of smell - olfactory epithelium 

 

Vocalization - larynx

 

Body temperature regulation - panting

 

Acid-base regulation - ph of blood 

Term
Internal Respiration
Definition
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide at a tissue level
Term
External Respiration
Definition
Avoli level
Term
Components of the Upper Respiratory Tract
Definition

Nostrils (nares)

 

Nasal passages

 

Pharynx (throat)

 

Larynx

 

Trachea

Term
Components of the Lower Respiratory
Definition

Bronchi

 

Bronchioles

 

Alveolar ducts

 

Alveoli 

Term
Nasal Passages
Definition

Between nares and phpharynx

 

Nasal septum, turbinates, and nasal meatuses

 

Blood vessels beneath lining that warms air that comes in

 

Psuedostratified Ciliated epithelium 

Term
Functions of the Nasal Passages
Definition

Warm air

 

Filter air

 

Humidify air

Term

Paranasal Sinuses

 

 

Definition

Frontal and maxillary

 

Horns communicate with frontal sinuses 

 

Decrease weight of skull 

Term

Pharynx 

 

Definition

Common passageway for respiratory and digestive tract

 

Rostal end: palate divides into naso and oral pharynx 

 

Caudal end: opens dorsally into the esophagus and ventrally into the trachea 

 

Prevents swallowing from interfering with breathing 

Term
Larynx
Definition

Cartilage

 

Epiglottis - covers glottis during swallowing 

 

Glottis - hole in larynx

 

Arytenoid cartilage - vocal cords attach

 

Volcalization and air passage protection 

Term
Order of Respiration Tract
Definition

Nasal cavity - sinuses - pharynx 

 

larynx - trachea - broncheas 

 

alveoli - lungs 

Term
Functions of the Larynx
Definition

Volcalization

 

Protection 

 

Control of airflow to and from lunges by adjusting the size of the glottis 

 

Cough 

Term
Laryngeal Hemiplegia
Definition

Roaring in horses 

 

Left cartilidge doesnt open correctly 

 

Immune mediated in dogs

Term
Trachea
Definition

Extends from larynx into thorax to allow passage of air

 

Divides into mainstem bronchi and bifurcation of the trachea 

 

Hyaline cartilage rings that are c shapped

 

Smooth and fibrous tissue; pseudostratified ciliated

Term
Functions of the Trachea
Definition

Protection

 

Filteration 

Term
Bronchi
Definition

Psuedostratified

 

Submucosa with smooth muscle

 

 

Term
Bronchioles
Definition

Begins as psuedostratified then changes to cuboidal 

 

 

Term
Alveolar ducts
Definition

Simple squamous - thinnest in body

 

Gas exchange 

Term

Alveoli 

 

 

Definition

Little sacs

 

thinnest epithelium 

 

Gas exchange 

Term
Surfactant
Definition
Prevent collapse
Term
Respiratory Membrane
Definition

Simple squamous of capillaries and alveoli 

Term
Lungs
Definition

Base - bottom 

 

Apex - top tip

 

Convex lateral surface 

 

Mediastinum inbetween lungs 

Term
Lobes of the Lungs
Definition

Left lobe - cranial band caudal 

 

right lobe - crainal, middle, caudal, and accessory 

 

Horses have one right lobe and a left lobe with accessory 

 

Hilus - area where blood vessels enter and exit 

Term
Thoracic Cavity
Definition

Ribs, Vertebrea, Sternum 

 

Internal and external intercostals 

 

Viseral and perittal pleura

 

Serous membrane and mediastinum 

 

Diaphragm 

Term
Pleura
Definition
Membrane that lines the thoracic cavity and structuroft of the cavity
Term
Mediastinum
Definition

Thymus

 

Heart 

 

Trachea

 

Blood vessels and lymph nodes

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