Term
| to perpetuate the species |
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Definition
| what is the main function of the reproduction system? |
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Term
| production of sperm and their delivery to the female |
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Definition
| what is the main role for reproduction system in males? |
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Term
| production of eggs, providing location for fertilization, and providing location of (i.e. uterus) and support for embryonic development |
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Definition
| what is the main function of the reproduction system in females? |
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Term
| 23 (haploid or n vs the 46 chromosomes from regular cells (2n or diploid) |
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Definition
| how many chromosomes do the germ cells or gametes have that are produced by the gonads (testes or ovaries) |
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Term
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Definition
| what does the endocrine function of the testes in males produce? |
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Term
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Definition
| what does the exocrine function of the testes of males produce? |
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Term
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Definition
| where are the testes located? |
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Term
| the scrotum is actually outside the abdominopelvic cavity, therefore, the temperature in the scrotum is 94 degrees F, instead of the normal body temp of 98.6 degrees F; this lower temp is required for sperm production; as each testis actually begins its development in a retroperitoneal position in the abdominal wall, if it does not descend into the scrotum, it will not be able to produce functional sperm due to the higher temp; as the testes are descending through the superficial inguinal ring to the scrotum |
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Definition
| why are the testes located in the scrotum? |
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Term
| testis->epididymis->ductus deferens or vans deferens-> ejaculatory duct --> urethra |
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Definition
| what is the duct system for sperm to exit the body? |
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Term
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Definition
| the first portion of the duct system; runs up the posterolateral aspect of a testis and caps its superior aspect; consists of a head, body, and tail; immature sperm enter here from the testes and complete their MATURATION PROCESS HERE; where sperm goes to mature |
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Term
| ductus deferens or vas deferens |
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Definition
| duct after epididymis; passes through the inguinal canal into the pelvic cavity; present in the spermatic cord (along with testicular blood vessels, nerves, connective tissue, etc.); empties into the ejaculatory duct |
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Term
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Definition
| after vas deferens; seminal vesicle merges with the vas deferens to form ________; takes sperm through prostrate gland to prostatic urethra |
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Term
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Definition
| last part of the duct system for sperm to exit the body; compose of three parts: prostatic urethra, membranous urethra, and spongy (penile) urethra |
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Term
1. prostatic urethra
2. membranous urethra
3. spongy (penile) urethra |
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Definition
| what are the 3 parts of the urethra in the male in which sperm exits body |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the cells in between the seminiferous tubules within testes; PRODUCE THE TESTERONE (endocrine function) |
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Term
| spermatic cord- inguinal canal in the male contains the spermatic cord; inguinal canal also contains arteries and veins |
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Definition
| the testes are connected to the body through what? |
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Term
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Definition
| the hormones are picked up by? |
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Term
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Definition
| when a vasectomy is performed, a small incision will be made where? |
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Term
1. seminal vesicles
2. prostrate gland
3. bulbourethral gland |
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Definition
| what are the 3 male accessory glands? (these produce seminal fluid, the medium in which sperm leave the male body) |
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Term
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Definition
| produces 60% of seminal fluid; lies on the posterior wall of the urinary bladder close to the terminus of the ductus deferens; secretion includes fructose and other substances that nourish the sperm and promote fertilization |
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Term
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Definition
| encircles the urethra just inferior to the bladder; secretion plays a role in activating the sperm |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as Cowper's glands |
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Term
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Definition
| tiny, pea-shaped glands inferior to the prostrate; produce a thick, clear, alkaline mucus that drains into the membranous urethra ahead of the sperm, to wash out any residual urine when ejaculation of semen occurs; it additionally helps to buffer sperm against the acidity of the female reproductive tract; it will be delivered to the female before the sperm gets there--females are very acidic and sperm does not like that so the alkaline mucus helps level it out |
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Term
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Definition
| the male copulatory organ |
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Term
| to deliver sperm to the female reproductive tract |
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Definition
| what is the main function of the penis? |
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Term
1. an erection occurs when this erectile tissue fills with blood
2. the dorsal paired cylinders are the copora cavernosa and the single ventral cylinder is the corpus SPONGIOSUM which surrounds the spongy (penile) urethra
(2 dorsal cylinders and 1 ventral cylinder) |
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Definition
| the penis consists of three cylinders of erective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| the free enlarged end of the penis |
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Term
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Definition
| around the proximal end of the glans penis |
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Term
| estrogens and progesterone |
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Definition
| the endocrine function of the ovaries produce what 2 hormones? |
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Term
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Definition
| what does the exocrine function of the ovaries produce? |
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Term
| testes (the ovaries only descend to the pelvic brim and stop- they don't continue to drop to the deep inguinal ring through the inguinal cnal--going to descend during the 3rd month of embryonic development |
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Definition
| what are the ovaries homologous to in the male? |
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Term
1. mons pubis
2. labia majora
3. labia minora
4. clitoris
5. urethral orifice
6. vaginal orifice |
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Definition
| what are the 6 components of the female external genitalia? |
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Term
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Definition
| fat overlying the pubic symphysis |
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Term
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Definition
| homologous to the scrotum of the male |
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Term
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Definition
| paired; run inferiorly and posteriorly from the mons pubis; pigmented and hair-covered skin folds |
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Term
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Definition
| smaller hair-free folds enclosed by the labia majora; paired; enclose a region called the vestibule, which contains the clitoris, the opening for the urethra (urethral orifice), and the opening for the vagina (vaginal orifice) |
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Term
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Definition
| homologous to the male penis; composed of erectile tissue; most anterior |
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Term
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Definition
| outlet for urinary system; no reproductive function in females-only active in urinary system |
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Term
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Definition
| outlet for vagina; opening for vagina aka vaginal canal |
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Term
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Definition
| a diamond-shaped region that is medial to the thighs and buttocks of both males and females; it contains the external genitals and the anus; it is bounded anteriorly by the pubic symphysis, laterally by the ischial tuberosities, and posteriorly by the coccyx |
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Term
1. vagina
2. uterus
3. uterine tubes
4. ovaries
5. ligaments and supporting structures |
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Definition
| what are the 5 components of the internal organs of the female reproductive system? |
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Term
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Definition
| copulatory organ, birth canal, and passageway for menstrual flow--opens into vestibule |
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Term
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Definition
| between bladder and rectum (when women get pregnant-baby puts pressure on bladder); muscular organ;where fertilized egg implants; houses embryo/fetus during development |
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Term
1. cervix
2. body
3. fundus |
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Definition
| what are the 3 parts of the uterus? |
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Term
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Definition
| narrow end of the uterus; directed inferiorly-projects into vagina or vaginal canal |
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Term
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Definition
| major portion of the uterus |
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Term
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Definition
| superior rounded region above entrance of the uterine tubes (or fallopian tubes) of the uterus |
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Term
| uterine tubes or fallopian tubes |
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Definition
| extend from an area around the ovaries and enter the uterus |
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Term
| uterine tube is where fertilization typically takes place-egg has to be swept up into uterine tube-the fimbriae will help to coax that egg through movement into the uterine tube-it is in the uterine tube where fertlization takes place (when sperm is deposited into vaginal canal-sperm goes through uterus and into the fallopian tube; when the egg is ovulated-it is ovulated in the peritoneal cavity and does not get swept up and gets fertilized in the peritoneal cavity-when this happens it causes an eptopic pregnancy and embryo will not be able to be sustained |
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Definition
| where does fertilization typically take place? how does this process work? |
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Term
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Definition
| a fold of peritoneum-goes up and over and creates a double layer-secures these structures to the lateral walls of this body cavity- encloses the fallopian tube and the uterus; also helps to hold in the place the ovaries |
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Term
| the suspensory ligament of the ovary |
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Definition
| the peritoneum folding (upward) over the ovarian blood vessels-vessels are coming of the descending abdominal arteries |
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Term
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Definition
| fingerlike projections near the end of the funnel shaped tubes near the ovaries |
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Term
| round ligament of the uterus |
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Definition
| found in inguinal canal in the female through the superior inguinal ring and fuse with the labia majora |
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Term
| the labia majora are homologous to male scrotum-in female gonads dont show up in scrotum but tissue still shows up in the scrotum (in male you find the spermatic cord); peritoneal fold over some connective tissue--indicates the tract the ovaries would have taken if they would have formed the testes |
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Definition
| why do females have the round ligament? |
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