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Definition
| Cell division resulting in the same number of chromosomes e.g. skin cells |
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| Cell division resulting in half the number of chromosomes in daughter cells e.g. gametes (ovum and sperm) |
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Definition
| Primary sex organ e.g. testes and ovaries-they produce gametes and sex hormones (testosterone is made in the interstitial area of the testes and estrogen is released by follicles in the ovaries when they are maturing an egg) |
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Definition
| Making sperm; occurs from puberty throughout life, about 1 million made daily |
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Definition
| Making ovum (eggs). Born with about 2 million oocytes and begin releasing eggs at puberty, ending during menopause |
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| Female Reproductive System consists of: |
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Definition
| Ovaries, duct system (fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina), and external genitalia |
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Definition
| Site of oocyte development, maturation (FSH) and release of oocytes (LH-makes follicle burst and begins E & P secretion) |
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Term
| Follicle Stimulating Hormone |
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Definition
| Targets ovaries and testes. Stimulates egg and follicle development, and sperm production. Released by the ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND, which, is controlled by the hypothalamus |
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Term
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Definition
1. Primary follicle-immature oocyte
2. Graafian or Vesicular follicle-maturing oocyte
3. Ovulation (approx. every 28 days)-follicle ruptures and corpus luteum forms |
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Definition
| Most common site for fertilisation (within 24 hours of ovulation. Are attached to the uterus but not to the ovaries (the egg is swept into the fallopian tube) |
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Definition
| Receives the FERTILIZED egg, nourishes and retains the fetus. Between the bladder and rectum, hollow and muscular. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Endometrium-inner layer, implantation, sloughs off during menses
2. Myometrium-smooth muscle
3. Serous layer-outer visceral peritoneum layer |
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Term
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Definition
| Cyclic changes in endometrium and hormones (estrogen and progesterone) |
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Term
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Definition
1. Menses-sloughing of endometrium, E and P levels @ lowest
2. Proliferative stage-endometrium proliferates
3. Secretory Stage-endometrium ripens ready for implantation (surge of E and P) |
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Term
| Hormonal Control of Menstrual Cycle: |
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Definition
1. FSH stimulates follicles
2. Follicles produce E as they grow and uterus enters proliferative stage
3. E levels spike and LH is released, OVULATION OCCURS
4. Corpus Luteum goes on producing E and P, uterus enters secretory stage
5. E and P inhibit growth of another egg
6. Waiting to see if fertilization occurs
7. Corpus Luteum dies and E and P levels plummet (menses begins) |
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Term
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Definition
Made in the anterior pituitary gland. In females-stimulates ovulation and E & P secretion
In males-stimulates testes to make testosterone. Hypothalamus sends message to anterior pituitary. |
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Definition
| inhibits LH and FSH so a new egg cannot develop, tricks the body into thinking it is pregnant |
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Term
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Definition
| testes, duct system (epididymis, ductus deferens, urethra), and accessory organs (seminal vesicle, prostate, bulbourethral gland), penis and scrotum (external) |
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Term
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Definition
| Divisions called lobules. Lobules contain seminiferous tubule (produce sperm), inside the scrotum (maintain lower temperature) |
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Definition
| Inside the lobules, tightly coiled, empty sperm into the rete testis--epididymis |
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Definition
| Storage site (approx. 20 days) for sperm after they have entered through the seminiferous tubules and rete testis. Here, they gain the ability to swim and mature. The epididymis can contract to release sperm into the ductus deferens. |
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Term
| Interstitial cells (around seminiferous tubules) |
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Definition
| produce androgen and testosteron |
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Term
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Definition
| Sperm transport mobile. Ends in the ejaculatory duct, which unites with the urethra. Runs over the inguinal canal, over the bladder, and moves sperm through peristalsis |
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Term
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Definition
| sevres the reproductive and urinary system |
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Definition
| base of bladder, 60% of semen, thick secretion-high in fructose, prostaglandins, and vit C. Nourishes and energizes sperm |
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Term
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Definition
| Encircle bladder neck, activates sperm, 30% of semen produced here |
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Definition
| Inferior to prostate. Drains into the urethra before ejaculation-in order to neutralize the urethra before the sperm enter (urine is acidic-potent to sperm) |
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Term
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Definition
| flagellated, DNA found in head, 20-150 million to be fertile. Half chromosomes of a normal body cell. |
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Definition
| Sperm and fluid. Alkaline (to neutralize vagine). Plasmin inhibits bacteria |
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Definition
| Male sex hormone. LH responsible for production |
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Term
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Definition
| Cutting the ductus deferens in the testes to stop sperm transportation |
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