Shared Flashcard Set

Details

The Pleura and the Lungs
Pleura and Lungs
40
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
03/18/2014

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is the pleura?
Definition
A double walled serous membranous sac that contains each of the lungs
Term
What are the 2 layers of the pleura?
Definition
1. Visceral pleura
2. Parietal pleura
Term
(T/F) The pleura surrounds the lungs in their entirety
Definition
False
Term
What is the portion of the lungs that the pleura doesn't cover?
Definition
The hilus
Term
What is the hilus?
Definition
The root of the lung where the airways and blood vessels enter/leave
Term
What is the pleural sac/cavity?
Definition
The area between the two pleural layers
Term
What is serous exudate?
Definition
The fluid found within the pleural sac
Term
What does the parietal pleural do? What are the 3 areas of parietal pleura?
Definition
Covers the three surfaces of the lung:
1. Costal pleura
2. Diaphragmatic pleura
3. Mediastinual pleura
Term
What does the costal surface cover?
Definition
The section of the lungs that articulates with the ribcage
Term
What does the diaphragmatic surface cover?
Definition
The section of the lungs that articulates with the diphragm
Term
What does the mediastinal surface cover?
Definition
The medial surface of the lungs
Term
What is the role of visceral pleura?
Definition
It is attached to the lung surface, including the surfaces inside the fissures
Term
How may lungs are there?
Definition
Two:
1. Right lung
2. Left lung
Term
What separates the lungs?
Definition
The mediastinum
Term
How many sections does the left lung have? The right lung?
Definition
1. LL: 2 - superior and inferior lobes
2. RL: 3 - superior, middle, and inferior lobes
Term
What divides the superior and inferior lobe of the LL?
Definition
The oblique fissure
Term
What is the cardiac notch?
Definition
The indentation in the left lung that is occupied by the heart, since the heart sits in the left in the thorax
Term
What is the lingula?
Definition
A flap of lung tissue that wraps anteriorly around the front of the heart
Term
What is the cupola?
Definition
The top of the lung, which is dome shaped
Term
What separates the superior and middle lobes on the RL? The Middle and inferior lobes?
Definition
Horizontal fissure; oblique fissure
Term
What 3 structures are found within the hilus?
Definition
1. Pulm arteries
2. Pulm veins
3. Bronchi
Term
(T/F) The arteries tend to be superior to the veins in the hilus, whilst the bronchi are postrior
Definition
True
Term
What two structures does the trachea split into, in the chest? What is the fate of these three structures?
Definition
The left and right primary bronchi; enter the lung
Term
How many secondary branches does the LPB split into once it has entered the lung?
Definition
Two secondary branches; one for each lobe
Term
How many secondary branches does the RPB split into once it has entered the lung?
Definition
Three secondary branches; one for each lobe
Term
What is the fate of each secondary branch?
Definition
Bifurcates into 2 or 3 tertiary bronchi
Term
What is a bronchopulmonary lobule/segment? What supplies these structures?
Definition
A smaller section of a lung lobe; the tertiary bronchi
Term
(T/F) The branches of the pulmonary arteries, and the tributaries of the pulmonary veins, are distributed to the bronchopulmonary segments in a similar fashion
Definition
True
Term
What are the bronchial arteries? How does their function differ from the pulmonary arteries?
Definition
- The 2 arteries supplying the lung tissues with oxygen
- Pulmo arteries is meant to provide de-oxygenated blood to the lungs, for oxygenation
Term
Describe the mechanics of inspiration?
Definition
Phrenic nerves cause the diaphragem to contract, dome is pulled downwards and air ruches into the alveoli of the lungs
Term
What happens in the walls of the alveoli?
Definition
Blood is oxygenated and decarbonated
Term
Describe the mechanics of expiration?
Definition
Diaphragm rises, and the air reverses its course
Term
What is the primary muscle of respiration?
Definition
The diaphragm
Term
What muscles make up the secondary group of respiratory muscles?
Definition
1. Intercostal scalene
2. Pectoral muscles
Term
What structure does pulmonary innervation pass through? Where is this structure located?
Definition
The pulmonary plexus; around the bifurcation of the trachea
Term
Where does SNS innervation arise for the lungs? Where do these nerves synapse?
Definition
T2-4; synapse at T2-4
Term
What is the fate of these nerves after they synapse?
Definition
They travel to the pulmonary plexus as the pulmonary splanchnic nerves
Term
What nerve provides PNS innervation? Where does this nerve synapse?
Definition
Vagus; the pulmonary trunk
Term
(T/F) The postgang nerves of both SNS and PNS go predominantly to the trachea and primary bronchi?
Definition
False, they go primarily to the smaller bronchioles
Term
What does SNS innervation cause in the pulmonary system? PNS innervation?
Definition
SNS = bronchodilation
PNS = bronchoconstriction
Supporting users have an ad free experience!