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The Ovarian Cycle
Menstrual Cycle
5
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
04/24/2011

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

Menstrual Phase

Definition

 

 

  • Days 1-6
  • Menses: shedding of the endometrium due to drastic drops in progesterone levers
  • Constriction of Blood vessels (depriving the uterine lining of nutrients and oxygen)
  • All hormonal levels are low, but by day three FHS and LH begin to rise

 

 

Term

 

 

 

Follicular Phase

(Proliferative)

Definition

 

  • Days 7-14
  • Uterus thickens, ovarian follicules develop
  • Follicle Stimulating Hormone(FHS) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) = ovarian activity and stimulation of ovulation
  • Follicles release estrogen which thickens the endometrium, preparing the uterus for the arrival of an embryo

 

Term

 

 

 

Ovulation

Definition

  • Day 14
  • One follicle becomes dominant; it burst and releases the oocyte
  • Dominant follicle becomes corpus luteum (CL)
  • Basal temperature increases immediately after ovulation
  • Fertility is greatest five days before and 2 days after ovulation
  • Only one gamete produced each month (1 diploid sex cell produces 1 haploid)

Term

 

 

Luteal Phase

(Secretory)

Definition

  • Days 14-28
  • CL=Temporary endocrine gland that arises from call of dominant ovarian follicle
  • CL released progesterone and estradiol-17beta (estrogen)
  • Negative feedback on FSH and LH (which cause regression of CL)
  • Atrophy of CL (if failed implantation)

Term

 

 

 

Conception and Implantation

Definition

  • Maintenance of CL=Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG); unique to embryo (hormone that shows up in pregnancy test)
  • CL= maintain placenta, inhibit ovulation, prepare for pregnancy
  • Placenta takes over progesterone production at about week 3, atrophy of CL

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