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| A very quick move from farms to factories and hand-made items to machine made goods, this period first started in Britain and then moved to the United States with textile mills. |
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| The first products that were produced by machine in the Industrial Revolution. They are cloth and the raw materials to produce clothes. |
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| The study of making things faster and cheaper. |
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| The British gentleman who memorized the plans of a textile mill in England who came to the U.S. and built the first mill here, starting the American Industrial Revolution. |
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| To produce many identical products by machine, driving down the cost of the items. |
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| An inventor, he created interchangeable parts for rifles but is more famous for the invention of the cotton gin. |
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| Machine made items that, dhould a single part break, that parts can be replaced as opposed to needing a whole new item. This was only possible with machine made goods after the Industrial Revolution. |
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| A group of workers who all do the same thing (plumbers, carpenters, etc.) who negotiate together for better working conditions and/or higher pay. |
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| An action taken by workers who refuse to work until they get better working conditions and/or pay. The workers do NOT get paid during this event. |
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| Robert Fulton invented a steamboat called the Clermont and showed the world this type of boat would work. A "folly" is a dumb idea, but steamboat was much better than wind-powered ships. |
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| A boat that runs on steam power. Dangerous at first, these boats are powered by boiling water in a small space. The resulting pressure pushes pistons, which move the paddle. They are capable of traveling both with and against current without wind. |
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| Created first in Britain, these trains use steam created in a boiler to power the engine. They transformed transportation in the U.S. because you could lay track in places were rivers did not exist. |
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| Samuel Morse created this alphabet of dots and dash sounds to send messages over the telegraph. |
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| A machine capable of sending messages through a series of sounds via wires. The telegraph wires were stretched across the U.S. with train tracks, allowing instant coast-to-coast communications. |
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| Credited with inventing the steel plow, which permitted farming in the dry but fertile mid-west. |
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| The invention that transformed the production of cotton in the South into a VERY profitable business. Slavery becomes vital to the Southern economy as a result, leading to the Civil War in the long term. |
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| The area in the American South were the primary cash crop was cotton. It spanned from South Carolina to Texas and has a warm, humid climate. |
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| Only 4% of the farms in the South were plantations - farms that had over 20 slaves. These are the farms most people think of when they think of the South prior to the Civil War. Overseers watched over slave behavior and managed the farms. |
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| Varied from farm to farm. Yeoman farms saw slaves working in field with owners, whereas planatations had slaves working in the fields alone. Most slaves worked from dawn to dusk. Some on large farms had specialized jobs. Marriages were not legal and families were often broken up by slave auctions. |
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