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The nervous system
Cranial Nerves
64
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
03/14/2008

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Cards

Term
Smell  
Definition
I.Olfactory
Term
Vision  
Definition
II. Optic
Term
Eyelid or eyeball movement
Definition
III. Oculomotor
Term
Turns eye downward and laterally
Definition
IV. Tronchelar
Term
Chewing-face & mouth touch& pain
Definition
V.Trigeminal
Term
Turns eye laterally  
Definition
VI. Abducens
Term

Controls most facial expresions

Secretion of tears& saliva 

taste 

Definition
VII. Facial
Term
Hearing-equillibrium-sensation
Definition

VIII. Vestibulocochlear

auditory

Term

Taste-senses carotid

blood pressure 

Definition
IX. Glossopharyngeal
Term

Senses aortic blodd pressure

slows heart rate

stimulates digestive

organs

Taste 

Definition
X. Vagus
Term

controls trapezius & sternocleidomastoid

controls swallowing 

Definition
XI. spinal Accesory
Term

Movements

controls tongue movements. 

Definition
XII. Hypoglossal
Term
The part of the nervous system outside the CNS.
Definition
peripheral nervous system,
Term
Changes occuring both inside and outside the body.
Definition
Stimuli
Term
gathered information
Definition
Sensory input
Term

It process and interprets the sensory

input and makes decisions

about what should be done at each moment.

Definition
integration
Term

Consists of nerves fibers that conveys impulses

to the central nervous system

fom sensory receptors

 

Definition
Term

Carrries impulses from the CNS to

effector organs, the muscles and glands. 

Definition
Motor or efferent division
Term

Allows us to consciously or voluntary

control our skeletal muscle. 

Definition
The somatic nervous system
Term

Regulates events that are automatic

or involuntary, such as the activity of smooth and cardiac muscles and glands.

 

Definition

Autonomic Nervous System

(ANS)

Term

 Nerve glue : Support, insulate and protect

the delicate neurons

 

 

Definition
neoruglia
Term

Abundant star shaped cells,form living

barrier between capillaries and neurons. 

Definition
Astrocytes
Term

Spirdelike phagocytes that dispose of debris,

including dead brain cells and bacteria 

Definition
Microglia
Term

Glia cells that line the cavities of the brain

and the spinal cord.Helps circulate the

cerebrospinal fluid. 

Definition
Ependymal
Term

Wrap their flat extensions tightly around

the nerves fibers producing fatty insulating 

coverings called myelin sheaths. 

Definition
Ologodendrocytes
Term

Neuron process that convey incoming

message toward the cell body 

Definition
Dendrites
Term

Generates nerve impulses and conduct them

away from the body cell. 

Definition
Axons
Term

Terminals containing hundreds of tiny vesicles

or membranous sac that containg chemicals 

Definition
Neurotransmitters
Term

Tiny gap that separates the axon from

the neuron. Functional junction.

 

Definition
Synaptic cleft
Term

Supporting cells that wrap themselves around

the axon 

Definition
Schwann cells
Term
Small collection of cell bodies
Definition
Ganglia
Term

Bundle of nerves fibers running through the

CNS 

Definition
Tracts
Term
What is the function of the corpus callosum?
Definition

The corpus callosum connects the two

hemisphere and allows to communicate with 

one another, some of the cortical functions

are   in only one hemisphere.

 

Term

Dense collections of myelinated fibers(tracts).

 

Definition
White matter
Term
Unmyelinated fibers and cell bodies
Definition
Gray matter
Term
Neurons carrying impulses to the CNS
Definition
Sensory or afferent
Term

Neurons carrying impulses from the CNS to

the viscera amd muscles and glands. 

Definition
motor, efferent neurons
Term
They connect the  motor and sensory neurons.
Definition
Association neurons or interneurons
Term
What is the function of the hypothalamus?
Definition
Regulation of body temperature,water balance,and metabolism. It is an important part of the limbic system or emotional visceral brain.
Term

Fewer positve ions sitting on the inner face of

the neuron's plasma membrane. 

Definition
Polarized
Term

Rush of sodium ions changes the polarity of the

neuron's membrane at that site. 

Definition
Depolarization
Term

The inside is more positive and the outside

is less positive 

Definition
Graded potential 
Term

The outflow of positive ions from the cell

restore the electrical conditions at the

membrane to the polarized state 

Definition
Repolarization
Term
Rapid, predictable and involuntary to stimuli
Definition
Reflexes
Term

The most superior part and largest of the

three brian regions .

 

Definition
Cerebrum
Term
Elevated ridges of tissue
Definition
Gyrus
Term
Shallow grooves
Definition
Sulcus
Term

Deeper grooves, which separates large regions

of the brain 

Definition
Fissures
Term
Where is the somatic sensory area located?
Definition

Is located in the parietal lobe posterior

to the central sulcus

 

Term
Where is the visual area located?
Definition

Is located in the posterior part of the

occipital lobe 

Term
Where is the auditory area located?
Definition
Temporal lobe.
Term
Where is the olfactory area located?
Definition
 Deep inside the temporal lobe
Term
Where is the primary motor area located?
Definition

Anterior to the central sulcus in the

frontal lobe

Term
Where is the Broca's area located?
Definition

Is located at the base of the

precentral gyrus.

Term
Where is the speech area located?
Definition

Is located at the junction of the temporal

parietal and occipital lobes

Term
The name of the outermost gray matter.
Definition
cerebral cortex
Term
Name the major structures of the diencephalon
Definition

The thalamus, hypothalamus and the

epithalamus

Term

Means bridge and are involved in the

control of breathing. 

Definition
Pons
Term

The most inferior part of the brain stem.

Regulates vital visceral activities.

controls heart rate, blood pressure and swallowing. 

Definition
Medulla Oblongata
Term

The large cauliflowerlike projects dorsally from

under the occipital lobe. 

Definition
Cerebellum
Term
What is the function of the thalamus?
Definition

The thalamus is a rely station for sensory impulses

 

Term
what is the function of the autonomic nervous system?
Definition

The ANS is motor subdivision of the PNS that

controls body activities automatically. Regulates cardiac muscle, smooth muscle found in the walls of visceral organs and blood vessels.

Term

What is the function of the sympathetic division?

 

Definition

The sympathetic division mobilizes the body during extreme situations.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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