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The Lymphatic System
Overview
49
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
03/04/2013

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Cards

Term
One of the three functions of the lymphatic system
Definition
Fluid recovery
Term
One of the three functions of the lymphatic system
Definition
Immunity
Term
One of the three functions of the lymphatic system
Definition
Lipid absorption
Term
The three functions of the lymphatic system
Definition
Fluid recovery, immunity, lipid absorption
Term
The first component of the lymphatic system
Definition
Lymph
Term
The second component of the lymphatic system
Definition
Lymphatic vessels
Term
The third component of the lymphatic system
Definition
Lymphatic tissues
Term
The fourth component of the lymphatic system
Definition
Lymphatic organs
Term
The purpose of lymphatic vessels
Definition
Transport lymph
Term
What is lymphatic tissue composed of?
Definition
Aggregates of lymphocytes and macrophages that populate many organs in the body
Term
Lymphatic tissue is particularly concentrated where?
Definition
In lymphatic organs
Term
Lymphatic organs are set apart from surrounding organs by what?
Definition
Connective tissue capsules
Term
Is lymph high or low in protein?
Definition
Low
Term
What are the origins of lymph?
Definition
It originates as tissue fluid that has been taken up by lymphatic vessels
Term
Lymphatic vessels begin as what?
Definition
Microscopic lymphatic capillaries (terminal lymphatics)
Term
What four things do lymphatic vessels not penetrate in the body?
Definition
CNS, cartilage, bone, bone marrow
Term
Do lymphatic vessels have closed or open ends?
Definition
Closed - unlike blood vessels
Term
Lymphatic capillaries have a sac made of what?
Definition
Thin endothelial cells that loosely overlap each other
Term
Are there gaps between lymphatic endothelial cells, and why are they like this?
Definition
Gaps - so large that bacteria, lymphocytes and other cells can enter
Term
If tissue pressure is too high, do the flaps on lymphatic endothelial cells open or close?
Definition
Flaps pushed inwards (open) - fluid flows into capillary
Term
Tissue pressure is higher in lymphatic capillary than in tissue fluid, so the flaps on lymphatic endothelial cells open or close?
Definition
Flaps pressed outward (closed)
Term
Lymphatic vessels bud of what other anatomic structure in the embryo?
Definition
Veins - hence similar histology
Term
Are walls thinner in veins or lymphatic vessels?
Definition
Lymphatic vessels
Term
Are the valves closer together in veins or lymphatic vessels?
Definition
Lymphatic vessels
Term
Where does lymph flow after the lymphatic capillaries?
Definition
Collecting vessels
Term
Where does lymph flow after the collecting vessels?
Definition
Six lymphatic trunks
Term
Where does lymph flow after the six lymphatic trunks?
Definition
Two collecting ducts
Term
Where does lymph flow after the two collecting ducts?
Definition
Subclavian veins
Term
Lymphatic capillaries converge to form what?
Definition
Collecting vessels
Term
Lymphatic collecting vessels often flow along side what other anatomical structures?
Definition
Veins and arteries - often share connective sheath with them
Term
Where are the six lymphatic trunks?
Definition
Jugular, subclavian, bronchomediastinal, intercostal, intestinal, lumbar
Term
Which of the following is not one of the six lymphatic trunks: jugular, subclavian, atrial, bronchomediastinal, intercostal, intestinal, lumbar
Definition
Atrial
Term
What are the names of the two collecting ducts of the lymphatic system?
Definition
Right lymphatic ducts
Thoracic duct
Term
The rght lymphatic duct is a convergence of which lymphatic trunks?
Definition
Right jugular, subclavian, and bronchomediastinal trunks in right thoracic cavity
Term
The right lymphatic duct receives drainage from what areas of the body?
Definition
Right arm and right side of thorax and head
Term
The right lymphatic duct empties into where?
Definition
Right subclavian vein
Term
Is the right lymphatic duct or the thoracic duct larger and longer?
Definition
Thoracic duct
Term
The thoracic duct begins just below what anatomical structure?
Definition
The diaphragm
Term
The two lumbar trunks and intestinal trunk of the lymphatic system join to form what?
Definition
Cisterna chyli - a prominent sac
Term
As the thoracic duct passes through the thorax, is receives additional lymph from what lymphatic trunks?
Definition
Left bronchomediastinal, left subclavian, and left jugular trunks
Term
The thoracic duct empties into where?
Definition
Left subclavian vein
Term
Collectively, the thoracic duct drains what areas of the body?
Definition
All of the body below the diaphragm, and the left upper limb and left side of the head, neck, and thorax
Term
Does lymph flow at a higher or lower pressure and speed than venous blood?
Definition
Lower
Term
What is the primary mechanism for the flow of lymph?
Definition
Rhythmic contraction of lymphatic vessels themselves
Term
Do lymphatic vessels have valves like veins?
Definition
Yes - to prevent backflow
Term
What other mechanism, besides rhythmic contraction of lymphatic vessels themselves, helps the flow of lymph?
Definition
Muscular contraction, and arterial pulsation
Term
How does the common sharing of a sheath between a lymphatic vessel and an artery help the flow of lymph?
Definition
Arterial pulsation may also rhythmically squeeze lymph vessels and help flow
Term
What pump promotes lymph flow from abdominal to the thoracic cavity as one inhales?
Definition
Respiratory pump
Term
What helps draw in the flow of lymph at point where collecting ducts empty into subclavian veins?
Definition
Rapidly flowing bloodstream
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