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The Larynx pg. 206-234
Study for Exam 2
21
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
11/13/2009

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Cards

Term
The Hyoid and Laryngeal Depressors?
Definition
Sternohyoid Muscle
Omohyoid Muscle
Sternothyroid Muscle
Thyrohyoid Muscle
Term
Sternohyoid Muscle
Definition
Attaches: Manubrium Sterni and clavicle & inferior margin of hyoid corpus

Function: Depresses hyoid
Term
Omohyoid Muscle
Definition
Two bellies separated by an intermediate tendon

Attachment Superior: Intermediate Tendon & lower border of hyoid

Attachment Inferior: Upper border of scapula & Intermediate tendon

Function: Depress hyoid
Term
Sternothyroid Muscle:
Definition
Attaches: Manubrium Sterni and first Costal cartilage & oblique line of thyroid cartilage

Function: Depresses thyroid cartilage
Term
Thyrohyoid Muscle:
Definition
Attaches: oblique line of thyroid cartilage & greater cornu of the hyoid

Function: Depresses hyoid or elevates larynx
Term
Define: Cough
Definition
forceful evacuation of the respiratory passageway including deep inhalation through widely abducted vocal folds, tensing and tight adduction of the vocal folds and elevation of the larynx
Term
Define; Abdominal Fixation
Definition
Process of impounding air in the thorax to stabilize the torso
Term
Define: Dilate
Definition
to open or expand an orifice
Term
The nonspeech functions of the larynx include:
Definition
coughing, throat-clearing, and abdominal fixation
Term
The Bernoulli Effect
Definition
given a constant volume flow of air or fluid, at a point of constriction there will be a decrease in pressure perpendicular to the flow and an increase in velocity of the flow.
Term
Describe the effect the Bernoulli effect has on the VF's during one cycle of phonation.
Definition
(A) Air pressure beneath the VF's arises from the respiratory flow (B) Air pressure causes the VF's to separate in the inferior (C) Superior VF's begin to open (D) the VF's are blown open (E) Decreased Air pressure and the elastic quality of the VF's cause the VF's to move back toward the midline (F) The VF's make contact inferiorly
Term
Define: Vocal Attack
Definition
movement of vocal folds into the airstream for the purpose of initiating phonation
Term
Define: Sustained Phonation
Definition
Phonation which continues for long durations as a result of tonic contraction of vocal fold adductors
Term
Define: Simultaneous Vocal Attack
Definition
Vocal Attack in which expiration and vocal fold adduction occur simultaneously
Term
Define: Breathy Vocal Attack
Definition
vocal attack in which expiration occurs before the onset of vocal fold adduction
Term
Define: Glottal Attack
Definition
the vocal attack in which expiration occurs after adduction of the vocal folds
Term
Define: Attack
Definition
the process of bringing VF's together to begin phonation.
Term
Define: Termination
Definition
pulling the VF's far enough out of the airstream, far enough to reduce the turbulence, using muscular action. When the turbulence is sufficiently reduced the VF's stop vibrating
Term
VF _________ is a constant in all types of attacks.
Definition
Adduction
Term
The primary arytenoid movement for for adduction is...
Definition
inward rocking
Term
What is the purpose of adduction and abduction for speech?
Definition
Sustained Phonation
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