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The Heart (Ch. 19)
N/A
21
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
11/05/2011

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Cards

Term
What phrase describes the heart?
Definition
muscular double pump
Term
What is the orientation and shape of the heart?
Definition
upside down backwards-leaning cone
Term
Where can you find the apex of the heart?
Definition
between the 5th and 6th ribs
Term
What are the three layers of the heart wall?
Definition
Epicardium (visceral layer), myocardium (thickest layer), endocardium (lines chambers and covers valves)
Term
What are the 3 layers of the sac surrounding the heart?
Definition
Fibrous pericardium, parietal pericardium, and visceral pericardium (epicardium)
Term
Identify:
layer that adheres to the diaphragm and the roots of the large vessels
Definition
fibrous pericardium
Term
Identify:
Adheres to the inner surface of the fibrous percardium
Definition
parietal pericardium
Term
What are the two types of heart chambers?
Definition
atria and ventricles
Term
Describe the atria (4)
Definition
receiving chambers; superior, smaller, separated by interatrial septum
Term
Describe the ventricles (4)
Definition
pumping chambers; inferior, larger/thicker walls, separated by interventricular septum (myocardium)
Term
What are the 3 external grooves of the heart?
Definition
Coronary sulcus, anterior interventricular sulcus, and posterior interventricular sulcus
Term
What structure divides the atria from the ventricles and wraps around the whole heart?
Definition
coronary sulcus
Term
How many pulmonary veins are there?
Definition
4
Term
Define auricle
Definition
ear-like
Term
Define trunk
Definition
a large vessel that branches
Term
What structure pumps blood into the pulmonary circuit via the pulmonary trunk?
Definition
right ventricle
Term
What are the "heart string"?
Definition
Chordae tendinae
Term
What structure pumps blood out to the systemic circuit via the aorta?
Definition
left ventricle
Term
What is another name for the bicuspid valve?
Definition
mitral valve
Term
What structure is responsible for heart contraction?
Definition
cardiac myocytes
Term
What is a myocardial infarction?
Definition
Heart attack; blockage of coronary arteries
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