Term
|
Definition
| four chambered, muscular, pumping organ |
|
|
Term
| Where is the heart located |
|
Definition
| in the middle mediastinum, left of the midline |
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|
Term
| What is the tip of the heart called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With what ventricle does the apex correlate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| with what intercostal space does the apex of the heart correlate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: The heart is a completely involuntary organ |
|
Definition
| True, although it is controlled and regulated by intrinsic pacing systems |
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|
Term
| What is the heart influenced by? (if something exciting occurs, what causes your heart to beat faster) |
|
Definition
| the autonomic nervous system |
|
|
Term
| What are the primary functions of the heart |
|
Definition
| Receive deoxygenated (venous) blood and pump it to the lungs for exchange of CO2/O2 and to pump oxygenated blood to all the cells of the body |
|
|
Term
| What is the outermost of the three layers of the heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the tree layers that make up the pericardium |
|
Definition
| fibrous layer, parietal serous layer, and visceral serous layer |
|
|
Term
| What is the outermost of the pericardium and what does it attach? |
|
Definition
| fibrous layer, attaches the heart to the vessels that enter and leave the heart |
|
|
Term
| What is the second layer of the pericardium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: The parietal serous layer is the thickest membrane of the pericardium |
|
Definition
| False, it is a serous, thin membrane |
|
|
Term
| What is the space between the parietal serous layer and the visceral serous layer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: the visceral serous layer of the pericardium attaches to the heart itself |
|
Definition
| true, it is the innermost layer of the pericardium |
|
|
Term
| What is the second layer of the heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: the myocardium is the thickest layer of the heart |
|
Definition
| true, it is responsible for the pumping nature of the heart and therefore must be thick |
|
|
Term
| What tissue is the myocardium made of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What important mechanism does the myocardium contain |
|
Definition
| the intrinsic pacing mechanism |
|
|
Term
| T/F: the thickness of the myocardium stays the same all the way around the heart |
|
Definition
| false, depending on the chamber it houses, the myocardium may be thicker to meet pumping needs |
|
|
Term
| What are the special structures of the myocardium |
|
Definition
| papillary muscles,trabeculae carnea |
|
|
Term
| Describe the papillary muscles |
|
Definition
| conical extensions of the myocardium that are attached to the cusps of the valves by the chordae tendinea (heart strings), located only in the ventricles |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the chordae tendinea |
|
Definition
| prevents the valve from inverting during systole |
|
|
Term
| describe the trabeculae carnea |
|
Definition
| folds or bridges in the myocardium |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the trabeculae carnea |
|
Definition
| forms a network in the myocardium to increase the effeciency of the intrinsic pumping mechanism |
|
|
Term
| Where are trabeculae carnea located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: the endocardium is the innermost layer of the heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the endocardium found |
|
Definition
| in proximal portions of the vessels that exit the heart (pulmonary artery, superior vena cava, aorta) |
|
|
Term
| The right atrium is (larger/smaller) than the left |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The right atrium receives ___ blood |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the fossa ovalis |
|
Definition
| located on teh right side of the interatrial septum and is a remnant of the foramen ovale present in fetal circulation |
|
|
Term
| What structure is on the lateral side of the right atrium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The right ventricle is (larger/smaller) than the left |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the primary function of the right ventricle |
|
Definition
| pump venous blood to the lungs |
|
|
Term
| What are the three segments of the papillary muscles |
|
Definition
| anterior, posterior, septal |
|
|
Term
| The left atrium is (larger/smaller) than the right |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the left atrium |
|
Definition
| receives oxygenated blood coming from the lungs that enter through the pulmonary veins |
|
|
Term
| the left ventricle is (smaller/larger) than the right |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| THe left ventricle is responsible for... |
|
Definition
| pumping oxygenated blood to all of the cells of the body (systemic system) |
|
|
Term
| T/F: the myocardium on the left ventricle is twice as thick as that on the right |
|
Definition
| true, it takes more energy to pump to the entire body |
|
|
Term
| Which valve is made up of three triangular leaflets (cusps) |
|
Definition
| right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid) |
|
|
Term
| list the papillary muscle-cusp pairs |
|
Definition
anterior cusp-anterior papillary m.
posteriore cusp-posterior papillary m.
septal cusp-septal papillary m. |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the tricuspid valve |
|
Definition
| controls venous blood from right atrium to right ventricle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The resting phase of the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the contracting phase of the heart |
|
|
Term
| When measuring blood pressure, what ventricle's resting and pumping pressure is measured |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What valves are open during diastole? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What valves are closed during diastole? |
|
Definition
| aortic semilunar and pulmonary semilunar |
|
|
Term
| What valves are open during systole? |
|
Definition
| aortic semilunar and pulmonary semilunar |
|
|
Term
| Is the aortic valve (larger/smaller) than the pulmonary valve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What valves are closed during systole |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Systole and diastole are in reference to what chambers of the heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which valve has two cusps |
|
Definition
| mitral, left atrioventricular, bicuspid valve |
|
|
Term
| Which valves are made of three semilunar shape cusps |
|
Definition
| the aortic semilunar valve and the pulmonary semilunar valve |
|
|
Term
| What are the three cusps of the aortic semilunar valve and why are they named what they are |
|
Definition
| right coronary cusp- right coronary artery originates from it, left coronary cusp-left coronary artery originates from it, non-coronary cusp-no coronary artery originates here |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the aortic semilunar valve |
|
Definition
| fills with blood that goes through the systemic system |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the pulmonary semilunar valve |
|
Definition
| controls the flow of venous blood to the lungs |
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