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The Heart KD
Exam 3 Review
37
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
11/08/2011

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Cards

Term
Two Circulatory Systems
Definition
Pulmonary Circuit
Systemic Circuit
Term
Pulmonary Circuit
Definition
Heart to lungs and back to heart
artery will be blue
veins will be red
Term
Systemic Circuit
Definition
Heart to body systems and back to heart
artery will be red (oxygenated)
veins will be blue (deoxygenated)
Term
Arteries
Definition
Carry blood away from heart
arterioles are small vessels in this category
Term
veins carry blood back to the heart
Definition
venues are small vessels in this category
Term
capillaries
Definition
are smallest blood vessels that links arterial to venous side of system
nutrient, waste and gas exchange occur at this level
Term
Pericardial Cavity
Definition
surrounds the heart, has a small amount of pericardial fluid
cavity is lined with pericardium
Term
visceral pericardium
Definition
lines heart surface
Term
parietal pericardium
Definition
forms outer wall of cavity
Term
layers of the heart wall
Definition
epicardium (visceral pericardium)
Myocardium (Muscles of the heart wall)
Endocardium (inner lining of heart chambers)
Term
fibrous skeleton of the heart
Definition
collagen and elastic fibers
stabilizes muscle position
distributes forces
prevents over expansion and provides elasticity
isolates chambers
Term
superficial anatomy of the heart
(3)
Definition
auricle=arterial appendage
coronary sulcus= groove b/tw atria and ventricles
anterior/posterior inter ventricular sulci
Term
Right atrium
Definition
Openings for inferior and superior vena cava
coronary sinus(blood return from heart muscle)
fossa ovalis (depression- remnant of foramen ovale)
Term
Right Atrioventricular Valve (AV)
Definition
right tricuspid
b/tw right atrium and right ventricle
Term
right ventricle
Definition
pumps blood through pulmonary circuit
chordae tendinae attached to free edge of tricuspid valve leaflets
Term
papillary muscles
Definition
prevents back flow through the tricuspid valve
Term
trabeculae carne
Definition
muscles in wall of ventricle
Term
pulmonary semilunar valve
Definition
guards the opening to pulmonary trunck
Term
left atrium
Definition
openings for 2 right and 2 left pulmonary veins
Term
Left AV Valve
Definition
Bicuspid b/tw left atrium and left ventricle.
Term
left ventricle
Definition
largest chamber thickest walls, pump blood to the systemic circuit
Term
aortic semilunar valve
Definition
guards opening to aorta
Term
ligamentum arteriosum
Definition
remnant of ductus arterioles
Term
what are heart sounds caused by
Definition
closure of valves at onset of ventricular contraction.
Term
1st heart sound
Definition
closure of the AV valves at the onset of ventricular contraction
Term
2nd heart sound
Definition
closure of semilunar valves at onset of ventricular relaxation
Term
coronary blood vessels
Definition
provide blood to muscle of heart wall
Term
true of false
the heart is under control of nodal cells which depolarize spontaneously
Definition
true
Term
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Definition
pacemaker
depolarizes 80-100 times per minute
Term
Bradycardia
Definition
heart rate slower than normal
Term
tachycardia
Definition
heart rate too fast
Term
heart flow
Definition
squeezes from the bottom up- gives other areas time to fill up between contractions
SA node-- AV node--AV bundle---RT LT bundle branches--purkinje fibers
Term
Systole
Definition
contraction phase (emptying for a chamber)
1st heart sound beginning of ventricle systole
Term
diastole
Definition
the relaxation phase (filling of a chamber)
2nd heart sound at begging of ventricle diastole
Term
ECG p Wave
Definition
depolarization of the atria (2nd message to contract)
Term
ECG QRS cmoplex
Definition
depolarization of the ventricles (3 ventricles contraction first heart sound)
masks depolarization of atria
Term
ECG T wave
Definition
depolarization of ventricles
ventricular diastole
(4 ventricular relaxation 2nd heart sound)
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