Term
| Carries blood to and from gas exchanges surfaces of lungs |
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Definition
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Term
| Carries blood to and from the body |
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Definition
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Term
| carry blood away from the heart |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| networks between arteries and veins |
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Definition
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Term
| What are also called exchange vessels |
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Definition
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Term
| outer layer of the pericardical sac |
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Definition
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Term
| inner layer of the pericardium |
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Definition
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Term
-Is between parietal and visceral layers
-contains pericardial fluid
-surrounds and stabilizes the heart |
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Definition
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Term
| thin walled and has an expandle outer auricle |
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Definition
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Term
| Reserve when venous return increases |
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Definition
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Term
| depression or fissure in the surface of an organ |
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Definition
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Term
| divides atria and ventricles |
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Definition
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Term
seperate left and right ventricle
contain blood vessels of cardiac muscle |
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Definition
| anterior interventricular sulcus and poterior interventricular sulcus |
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Term
The heart wall
Cover the heart and is the outter layer |
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Definition
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Term
the heart wall
muscular wall of the heart and is the middle layer
has concentric layers of cardiac muscle tissue |
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Definition
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Term
the heart wall
simple squamous epithelium and is the inner layer |
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Definition
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Term
cardiac muscle tissue
- has _______ discs |
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Definition
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Term
_________ discs interconnect cardiac muscle tissue.
-Secured by ________.
-Linked by_________.
-Convey force of ______.
-_________ action potential. |
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Definition
intercalated discs
desmosomes
gap junctions
contraction
propagate |
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Term
| Cardiac muscle cells are ____ in size |
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Definition
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Term
| The nucleus of cardiac muscle cells are _______, and are ______.. |
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Definition
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Term
| Cardiac muscle cells have ________ discs. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| connect atria to ventricles |
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Definition
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Term
| coronary sinus opens into________ |
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Definition
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Term
| Before birth it is an opening through interatrial septum |
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Definition
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Term
| before birth it connects the two atria |
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Definition
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Term
| Foramen ovale seals off at birth, forming _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Its the superior end of the right ventricle and it leads to pulmonary trunk from right ventricle |
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Definition
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Term
| Blood flows from right ventricle to pulmonary trunk through _____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| ____________ deliver to left atrium |
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Definition
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Term
| blood leaves the left ventricle through _______ valve into acending aorta |
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Definition
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Term
| anatomic dilation of the ascending aorta which occurs just above the aortic valve |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the three aortic sinuses |
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Definition
| left,right, and non-coronary sinus |
|
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Term
| supplies the blood to muscle tissue of the heart |
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Definition
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Term
| coronary circulation is to supply the heart with ____ and _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Drains blood from area of anterior interventricular artery into coronary sinus |
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Definition
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Term
| Coronary sinus opens into |
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Definition
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Term
| Anterior cardiac vein empties into... |
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Definition
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Term
| Posterior, middle and small cardiac veins empty into.... |
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Definition
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Term
| Prevent overexpansion of heart |
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Definition
| connective tissues and cardiac fibrous skeleton |
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Term
-Four bands around heart valves and bases of pulmonary trunk and aorta
-Stabilizes valves
-electrically insulate ventricular cells from atrial cells |
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Definition
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Term
| A single contraction of the heart |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two types of cardiac muscle cells? |
|
Definition
| Conducting system and contractile cells |
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Term
| Controls and coordinates heartbeat |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| produce contractions that propel blood |
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Term
| The conducting system begins in the |
|
Definition
| SA node in right atrial wall |
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Term
| The conducting system propogates through atria via.... |
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Definition
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Term
| Bradycardia, tachycardia and ectopic are abnormal funtions of?? |
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Definition
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Term
| an abnormal function of pacemaker that disrupts ventricular contractions? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the p wave the _____ depolarizes |
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Definition
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Term
| in the qrs complex ______ depolarizes |
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Definition
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|
Term
| in the t wave ______ repolarize |
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Definition
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Term
| Long refractory peroid prevents ______ and ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Time interval during which second contraction cannot be triggered |
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Definition
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|
Term
| period of maintained depolarization |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| in cardiac contractions what role does Na have |
|
Definition
| rapid depolarization step one |
|
|
Term
| in cardiac contractions what causes the plateau |
|
Definition
| calcium voltage gated and slow. step 2 |
|
|
Term
| in cardiac contractions what causes repolarization step 3 |
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Definition
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|
Term
| contraction phase of cardiac cycle |
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Definition
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|
Term
| relaxation phase of cardiac cycle |
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Definition
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Term
| the amount of blood ejected |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| after atria fills ventricles and atrial systole ends ventricles contain maximum amount of blood this is called |
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Definition
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Term
| After ventricle eject blood and the valves are closed ventricles contain |
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Definition
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Term
| sounds produced by regurgitation through valves |
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Definition
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Term
| stroke volume = ____ - ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| the volume pumped by left ventricle in one minute |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| amount of blood in system before it contracts is... |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what two factors affect cardiac output |
|
Definition
| heart rate and stroke volume |
|
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Term
| network of nerves that innervate the heart |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| carry parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to small ganglia in cardiac plexus |
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Definition
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|
Term
| cardioacceleratory center and cardioinhibitory center are cardiac centers of ___________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The cardiac center monitors bp (baroreceptors) and arterial oxygen and co2 levels (__________) |
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Definition
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Term
| Dual innervation maintains resting tone by releasing _______ and ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the parasympathetic stimulation and decreases heart rate? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the sympathetic stimulation and increases hr? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| The _________ is also called Bainbridge relex. |
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Definition
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Term
| Adjusts hr in response to venous return |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are three hormones that increase the heartrate via sympathetic stimulation of the SA node |
|
Definition
| Epinephrine, NE, and thyroid hormones |
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Term
| The amount of blood a ventricle contains at the end of diastole |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| filling time and venous return |
|
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Term
| the amount of blood that remains in the ventricle at the end of ventricular systole (after ejection) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| As edv increases.... stroke volume..... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| length tension relationship is the _______ principle |
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Definition
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Term
| Ventricular stretching during diastole is... |
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Definition
|
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Term
| tension the ventricle produces to open the semilunar valve and eject blood |
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Definition
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|
Term
| As afterload increases, stroke volume.... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| force produced during contraction is... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ventricular expansion is restricted by.... |
|
Definition
| myocardial connective tissue, the cardiac skeleton, and pericardial sac |
|
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Term
| the percentage of the amount of blood ejected is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| causes ventricles to contract with more force and increase ejection fraction and decreases esv |
|
Definition
| autonomic activity/sympathetic stimulation |
|
|
Term
| reduces force of cardiac contractions |
|
Definition
| parasympathetic activity/autonomic activity |
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Term
heart sounds
-produces loud sounds
-produced by AV Valves |
|
Definition
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|
Term
heart sounds
-loud sounds
-produced by semilunar valves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
heart sounds
-soft sounds
-blood flow into ventricles and atrial contraction |
|
Definition
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