Shared Flashcard Set

Details

The Head and Neck
Lecture Exam 2
38
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
11/14/2010

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Parts of Upper Respiratory Tract
Definition
Nose
Nostril
Nasal Cavity
Oral Cavity
Pharynx
Term
Nose
Definition
Only portion of the resiratory tract (RT) that is externally visible
Air enters here during breathing, passes through the external nares (nostrils)
Term
Vestibule
Definition
Superior to nostrils, skin lined with sebaceous glands, sweat glands and hairs
Term
Vibrissae
Definition
thicker hairs of the vestibule of the nose, filters large particles (insects)
Term
Functions of nasal cavity
Definition
provides airway for respiration
moistens and warms air
filters inhaled air
resonating chamber for speech
houses olfactory receptors
Term
Nasal septum
Definition
divides nasal cavity into right and lefts sides
Term
Roof of nasal cavity
Definition
made up of ethmoid bone (cribiform plate)
Term
Floor of nasal cavity
Definition
made up of maxilla (palatine process), palatine bone (horizontal plate)
Term
lateral walls of nasal cavity
Definition
nasal bones, superior and middle nasal conchae of ethmoid bone, inferior nasal conchae, maxilla, palatine bone
Term
Hard palate
Definition
made up of palatine bone and maxillary bone
Term
Soft palate
Definition
made up of skeletal muscle-posterior portion, end in uvula
Term
Lining of nasal cavity
Definition
made up of respiratory mucosa and olfactory mucosa
Term
Respiratory mucosa
Definition
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, globlet cells, lamina propria, venous plexus,highly innervated, function to filter and warm inhaled air
Term
Olfactory mucosa
Definition
roof of nasal cavity, houses smell receptors, no goblet cells, cilia modifed for olfaction
Term
Nasal conchae
Definition
project medially from each lateral wall
function - create turbulence of air to increase 1. filtration, heating and moistening during inhalation 2. reclaim heat and moisture
3 pairs - superior, middle and inferior
Term
Paranasal sinuses
Definition
air filled cavities that surround the nasal cavity, line by mucosa, perform same function as nasal cavity and lightens skull
located in frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid and maxilla bones
Term
Pharynx
Definition
connects the nasal cavity and mouth to larynx and esophagus, common passage for food and air (collectively), contains skeletal muscle
divided into: nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
Term
Tonsils
Definition
lymphoid organ, swellings of the mucosa lining the pharynx, form a ring around the entrance of the pharynx, remove pathogens
4 groups: palatine, lingual, pharyngeal (adenoides) and tubal
Term
Nasopharynx
Definition
located posterior to nasal cavity, inferior to spenoid bone and superior to level of soft palate, is ONLY an air passageway, closed off during swallowing by the soft palates uvula, made of ciliated pseudostratisfied columnar epithelium
contains both the pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids) and tubal tonsils
Term
Oropharynx
Definition
located posterior to the oral cavity, extends inferiorly from level of the soft palate to the level of the epiglottis, swallowed food and inhaled air pass through here, made of stratisfied squamous epithelium
contain the palatine and lingual tonsils
Term
Laryngopharynx
Definition
located posterior to larynx and continuous with the esophagus and larynx, common passageway for food and air, stratisfied squamous epithelium
Term
Larynx
Definition
"voice box", extends from C4-C6, continuous with trachea inferiorly, attaches to hyoid bone superiorly, provides open airway, vocalization, switches to route air and food into proper channels, is innervated by the vagus nerve
superior part is made up of stratisfied squamous epithelium, below vocal cords- ciliated pseudostratisfied columnar epithelium
composed of 9 cartilages connected by membranes and ligaments
Term
Laryngeal Cartilages
Definition
1 Thyroid
1 Cricoid
1 Epiglottis
2 Arytenoid
2 Corniculate
2 Cuneiform
Term
Thryroid cartilage
Definition
largest area of cartilage of the larynx,shield shaped,formed by 2 plates, contains larygeal prominence "adam's apple"
Term
Cricoid cartilage
Definition
inferior to thryroid cartilage, formas a complete ring, directly superior to trachea
Term
Epiglottis
Definition
composed go elastic cartilage, covered by mucosa, projects upward from anterior wall of laryngeal inlet to level of base of tongue, closes off larynx during swallowing
Term
Vocal cords
Definition
mucosal folds formed by vocal ligaments located in the larynx, exhaled air passes over them and causes vibration
Term
Thyroid gland
Definition
located in anterior neck on trachea inferior to larynx, consists of two laterl lobes connected by the isthmus and is butterfly shaped, is the largest endocrine gland in the body
Term
Thyroid hormone
Definition
hormone from thryroid gland which increases metabolic rate
Term
Calcitonin
Definition
hormone from thyroid gland depresses excess levels of calcium in blood
Term
Parathryroid glands
Definition
4 of them, two pairs, located on the deep surface of the laterl lobbes of the thyroid gland, it is an endocrine gland
Term
Parathyroid hormone/parathormone
Definition
from the parathyroid glands, increases blood calcium levels
Term
Hyoid bone
Definition
A bone associated with the skull, only bone in skeleton that has no articulation to another bone, located inferior to mandible and anterior in neck, attaches via ligaments to tempotal bone, larynx
Term
Triangles of the Neck
Definition
neck subdivided into 2 triangles- anterior and posterior triangles
separated by the sternoclidomastoid muscl
Term
Posterior triangle of the neck
Definition
boundaries:
anterior - sternocleidomastoid
posterior - trapezius
inferior - clavicle
Contents:
nerves- accessory nerve, phrenic nerve, brachial plexus
artery - subclavian
vein - external jugular
Term
Posterior triangle of the neck
Definition
boundaries:
anterior - sternocleidomastoid
posterior - trapezius
inferior - clavicle
Contents:
nerves- accessory nerve, phrenic nerve, brachial plexus
artery - subclavian
vein - external jugular
Term
Anterior triangle of the neck
Definition
boundaries:
anterior - midline
posterior - sternocleidomastoid
superior - inferior margin of the mandible
contents:
glands - submandibular
muscles - suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles
artery- common carotid
vein- internal jugular, external jugular
nerve- accessory
Term
Oral Cavity and associated organs
Definition
Consists of mouth and external salivary glands
Supporting users have an ad free experience!