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The Gastro-Intestinal (G.I.) Tract
Structure & function.
34
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
12/06/2010
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Term
The GI tract ______________ the ingested food products, the stomach _________ and _________ them.
 Definition
breaks down; digests; absorbs
Term
The ____________, ______________, _____________ ___________, _______________ and _____________ are found in the abdomen.
 Definition
stomach; small intestine; large intestine; ascending colon; descending colon; transverse colon
Term
The ____________ and ___________ are located in the pelvis.
 Definition
sigmoid colon; rectum
Term
The three parts of the stomach.
 Definition

  1. Fundus
  2. Body
  3. Antrium
Term
The dome under the left diaphragm rising from the gastro-esophageal sphincter.
 Definition
Fundus
Term
The fundus is lined by mucosa in ridges called ___________.
 Definition
rugae 
Term
The largest part of the stomach found between the lesser curvature on the right and greater curvature on the left.
 Definition
Body of the stomach
Term
The location of the pyloric sphincter.
 Definition
Antrium
Term
Thick muscular valve controlling the flow of liquefied food into the duodenum.
 Definition
Antrium
Term
The layer of specialized tissue that hangs from the greater curvature of the stomach.
 Definition
Greater omentum
Term
The duodenum is ____ cm long.
 Definition
30
Term
The duodenum is the part of the bowel where digestive enzymes from the ______ and ___________ are mixed with food.
 Definition
liver; pancreas
Term
Shape of the duodenum.
 Definition
Horseshoe
Term
The four parts of the duodenum.
 Definition

  1. Superior (horizontal) limb
  2. Descending limb
  3. Inferior limb
  4. Ascending limb
Term
Connects the stomach to the descending limb.
 Definition
Superior limb
Term
The descending section of the duodenum has an entrance and valve for the _________ and __________ duct.
 Definition
pancreatic; bile
Term
The ascending limb of the duodenum is continuous with the ___________.
 Definition
jejunum
Term
The jejunum and ileum make are _____ m in length
 Definition
5-7
Term
Jejunum occupies the ___________ of the cavity; the ileum occupies the ___________ of the cavity.
 Definition
upper left; lower right
Term
The ileum has a MORE/LESS complex system of arteries running to it than the jejunum.
 Definition
MORE
Term
The _________ is more likely to have mesenteric fat migrating around than in _____________.
 Definition
ileum; jejunum
Term
The ileum empties into the cecum via the _______________.
 Definition
Ileo-cecal valve
Term
The ascending colon is _____ cm long.
 Definition
25
Term
The ascending colon ascends to the _________________.
 Definition
Right (hepatic) flexure
Term
The transverse colon transverses to the ____________.
 Definition
Left (splenic) flexure
Term
The sigmoid colon empties into the _____________.
 Definition
rectum
Term
The tenae coli
 Definition
Longitudinal muscle strips that run the length of large bowel
Term
Gathered sacculations in the bowel.
 Definition
Haustra
Term
The fat sacs in the large bowel.
 Definition
Appendices epiploicae
Term
The rectum runs continuous with the ____________.
 Definition
sigmoid colon
Term
The rectum pierces the ____________ to become the anal canal (in the perineum).
 Definition
levator ani muscle (pelvic diaphragm)
Term
Length of the anal canal.
 Definition
4 cm
Term
Longitudinal folds of the upper half of the large bowel.
 Definition
Anal columns
Term
The _____________ sphincter is voluntary and has a __________, ___________ and _________ component.
 Definition
external; superficial; middle; deep
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