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The digestive system
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25
Anatomy
12th Grade
05/04/2009

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Term
Secretin
Definition
found in the duodenum this hormone increases the output of bile, pancreatic juices rich in bicarbonate ions and inhibits gastric mobility and gastric gland secretion
Term
Ileum
Definition
the terminal part of the small intestine
Term
CCK
Definition
(cholecystokinin) found in the duodenum this hormone increases output of enzyme rich pancreatic juice, stimulates gallbladder to expel stored bile, relaxes the sphincter of the duodenal papilla to allow bile and pancreatic juice to enter the duodenum
Term
Uvula
Definition
a fleshy fingerlike projection of soft palate, which extends downward from the posterior edge
Term
Chime
Definition
food that has been processed by the stomach (resembles heavy cream)
Term
Esophagus
Definition
runs from the pharynx through the diaphragm to the stomach (passage way that conducts food to the stomach)
Term
Visceral peritoneum
Definition
a single layer of flat serous fluid producing cells
Term
Pepsinogen
Definition
released by chief cells is a protein digesting enzyme that is converted to pepsin
Term
Vestibule
Definition
the space between the lips and cheeks externally and the teeth and gums internally
Term
Chief Cells
Definition
cells that produce protein digesting enzymes
Term
Haustra
Definition
small pocket like sacs formed by the wall of the large intestine caused by the degree of tone of the walls
Term
Duodenum
Definition
the first part of the small intestine (curves around the head of the pancreas)
Term
Segmentation
Definition
helps move food back and forth across the internal wall of the organ serving to mix it with digestive juices
Term
Cardioesophigeal Sphincter
Definition
the valve through which food enters the stomach from the esophagus
Term
Alimentary Canal
Definition
a continuous, coiled, hollowed, muscular tube that winds through the ventral body cavity and is open at both ends
Term
Parietal Cell
Definition
produce corrosive hydrochloric acid, which makes the stomach contents acidic and activates the pepsinogen
Term
Parietal peritoneum
Definition
a slick and slippery and lines the abdominopelvic cavity by way of a membrane extension of the mesentery
Term
Jejunum
Definition
extends from the duodenum to the ileum
Term
Ingestion
Definition
to take in food
Term
Microvilli
Definition
tiny projections of the plasma membrane of the mucosa cells that give the cell surface a fuzzy appearance (increase the absorptive surface of the small intestine)
Term
Lingual frenulum
Definition
a fold of mucous membrane, secures the tongue to the flood of the mouth and limits it posterior movements
Term
Peyers Patches
Definition
local collections of lymphatic tissue found in the sub mucosa found abundantly in the terminal end of the small intestine
Term
Pyloric Sphincter
Definition
connects the stomach with the small intestine
Term
Lacteals
Definition
a modified lymphatic capillary inside each villus in the small intestine
Term
Gastrin
Definition
a hormone that prods the stomach glands to produce more of the protein digesting enzymes
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