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The chemistry of living things
chapter 2, pg 48-57
18
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
01/29/2013

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Cards

Term
Properties of water
Definition

1. it is a solvent (a solute can be dissolved in it)

2. It is a lubricant (smooths movement)

3. It is a cushion (insulates tissues and cells from bumps and blows of daily life)

4. It is a heat sink (absorbs heat without much change in temperature)

Term
Dehydration
Definition
water is created with the combination of a hydrogen ion (H+) taken from one molecule and a hydroxyl ion (OH-) from another molecule
Term
Hydrolosis
Definition

water is broken into its constituent parts

The water molecule separates into a hydrogen ion (H+) and a hydroxyl ion (OH-), and one part of the broken polymer receives the hydrogen ion (H+) while the other part receives the hydroxyl ion (OH-)

Term
Acid
Definition

a chemical that releases hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.

play a rold in metabolism

Term
Base
Definition
a chemical that absorbs hydrogen ions when dissolved in water
Term
Strong
Definition
ability to ionize compltely
Term
weak
Definition
does not ionize completely
Term

Bicarbonate structure

 

Definition

c in middle

1 single o 

1 single OH

and one double O

Term

Carbohydrates

 

Definition

organic molecules composed of atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen arranged in short or long chains or rings.

important source of energy

Term
Mono
Definition
single
Term
Di
Definition
2 simple sugars
Term
Poly
Definition
more than two monosacchrides
Term
Lipids
Definition

Slick, greasy, nonpolar substances that are hyrdophobic

Composed mainly of carbon and hydrogen, with a few oxygen

Very greatly in the chemical structure

Term
Fatty Acids
Definition
a long chain of carbon atoms with an acidic molecule at one end
Term
Saturated
Definition

If all of the carbon atoms in a fatty acid chain are linked by single bonds, each carbon atom will have two hydrogen atoms attached to it

quite straight and tightly packed

Term
Unsaturated
Definition

carbon atoms in a fatty acid chain are linked by double bonds

they have the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms

Term
Steroids
Definition

Formed mainly of carbon and hydrogen atoms and are slick, oily substances

consist of four interlocking rings or carbon and hydrogen to which are attached short chains that govern the specific function of each steroid

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