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The Central Nervous System
the spinal cord and nerves
38
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
10/23/2007

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Term
olfatory  
Definition
afferent (sensory), smell; nose. Test= identify odors.
Term
optic
Definition
afferent (sensory) sight; eye. test= test visual fields
Term
oculomotor  
Definition
efferent (motor) Eyeball; Test= upward, downward, medial gaze, reaction to light.
Term
trochlear  
Definition
efferent ( motor) Eyeball; test= downward and lateral gaze
Term
trigeminal  
Definition
afferent and efferent . touch, pain, muscles of mastication Test= clench teeth, and push on jaw to seperate jaw
Term
abducens
Definition
efferent (motor) eyeball Test= lateral gaze
Term
facial
Definition
afferent (taste anterior tongue) efferent (facial movements) Test= close eyes tight, smile, show teeth...
Term
vestibulocochlear
Definition
afferent (hearing and balance) test= hear watch ticking and balance and coordination
Term
glossopharyngeal
Definition
afferent (touch, pain, pharynx) efferent too.
Term
vagus
Definition
afferent (touch, pain,  pharynx,larynx taste, tongue, epiglottis.  efferent (muscles of palate, pharynx, larynx.
Term
spinal accessory  
Definition
efferent (sternocleinomastoid , trapezius muscles.) test= resisted shoulder shrug.
Term
hpoglossol  
Definition
efferent( muscles of tongue) test= tongue protusion
Term
the cervicle vertebrae have how many disks?
Definition
seven
Term
the thorasic vertebrae have how many disks?
Definition
twelve
Term
the lumbar vertebrae have how many disks?
Definition
five
Term
what purpose do the intervertebral disks have?
Definition
the sit between vertebrae and are shock absorbers.
Term
the intervertebral disks have two parts what are they?
Definition
the anulous fibrosis and the nuculous
Term
the spinal meninges have 5 layers, what are they?
Definition
the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, subdural space, and the pia mater
Term
dura mater of spinal meninges
Definition
forms a sac in continuation with dura mater of brain from foramen to S2
Term
arachnoid mater of spinal meninges
Definition
deep to dura mater and is continuous with arachnoid mater of brain  
Term
subdural space of spinal meninges
Definition
between dura mater and arachnoid mater, and contains interstitial fluid
Term
pia mater of the spinal meninges
Definition

adheres to surface of spinal cord and brain, contains many blood vessels,

subarachnoid space, between arachnoid and pia mater (contains cerebrospinal fluid. 

Term
denticulate ligaments
Definition
thickenings of pia mater that protect spinal cord against shock and sudden displacement.
Term
conus medullaris
Definition
interior to lumbar enlargement. ends at disk between L1 and L2
Term
filum terminale
Definition
extension of pia mater that extends inferiorly and anchors spinal cord to coccyx
Term
cuada equina
Definition
horses tail
Term
interior anatomy of spinal cord-
Definition
2 grooves penetrate white matter and divide it into right and left halves.
Term
what is the deep groove of the spinal anatomy?
Definition
anterior median fissure
Term
what is the shallow groove of the spinal anatomy?
Definition
posterior median sulcus
Term
the gray commissure contains what?
Definition
the central canal, anterior gray horns, posterior gray horns, lateral gray horns.
Term
anterior gray horns
Definition
impulses for concentration of skeletal muscles
Term
posterior gray horns  
Definition
sensory nuclei
Term
lateral gray horns
Definition
regulates activity of smooth and cardiac muscles and glands too!
Term
name the three layers of the spinal nerves
Definition
the endoneurium, the oerinuerium, and the epineurium
Term
the endonuerium surrounds what?
Definition
the endonuerium surrounds each fiber (axon)
Term
groups of fibers are bound into facicles by?
Definition
the perinuerium
Term
facicles are bound together by?  
Definition
the epinuerium
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