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The Back
The Back muscle, bones, nerves
44
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
07/02/2010

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Term
vertebral foramen
Definition
houses spinal chord and other menegines
Term
Pedicles
Definition
on sides of arch
2 on each
Term
transverse process
Definition
allows for attachment of muscles and ligaments 2 on each
Term
Spine
Definition
place of origin for many muscles
Term
articular processes
Definition
superior and inferior hook together and have synovial joints to help with movement
Term
Atlas
Definition
first cervical vertebrae
Term
Axis
Definition
2nd cervical vertebrae
Term
Atlanto-occipital joint
Definition
connects atlas to occipital bone of skull
anterior connects atalas to foramen magnum of skull
Posterior connects the back of the same bones
allows for extension and flexion- nodding of the head
also allows for some lateral movement
Term
Atlanto- axial joints
Definition
3 synovial joints between atalas and axis
allows for movement of head
Term
Apical ligament
Definition
connects front of foramen magnum to odontoid process
Term
Alar ligaments
Definition
1 on each side of apical ligiament and connect sides
Term
cruciate ligament
Definition
arranged in an X
connects atlas and odontoid process
Term
joints below axis
Definition
cartilaginous joins between bodies with synovial joints between articular porcesses
Term
joints between two vertebral bodies
Definition
covered with hyaline cartilage
sandwiched between is a intervertbral disc
Term
discs
Definition
2 parts- anulus fibrosus (outside of disc)
nucleus pulposus ( middle- under pressure has ability to flatten and nucleus can change shape.
Term
anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments
Definition
continuous bands down anterior and posterior
anterior wide and strong
posteior weak and narrow
Term
joints between arches
Definition
hyaline cartilage and synovial joints between articular processes. aslo capsular ligaments
Term
ligaments between arches
Definition
supraspinous ligament- btw tips of spines to ajacent spines
interspinous ligamnet connects spines
intertransvers ligament- btw transverse process
ligamentum flavum- connects laminae stronger in cervical region
Term
trapezius
Definition
large, flat, triangular
Origin: occipital bone, 7th cervical spine, supraspinous ligaments of thorax vertebrae
nerve: C11
Term
latissimus dorsi
Definition
large flat triangular- in lumbar region
Origin: spines of lumbar vertebrae, fasica, and the last few ribs
Term
Levator Scapulae
Definition
Origin: transverse processes of 4 upper cervical vertebrae
insertion: medial border of scapula
nerve supply: 3rd and 4th cervical nerves
Term
Rhomboid minor
Definition
Origin: 7th cervical and 1st thoracic
incertion: medial border of scapula
Term
Rhomboid Major
Definition
Origin: 2nd to 5th thoracic spines
Insertion: medical border of scapula
Term
Levatores Costarum
Definition
12 pairs
intermediate
origin: transverse process and connects to each rib
inspiratory muscle
Term
Serratus Posteriuor Superior Muscle
Definition
intermediate
insert into upper ribs
originates from lower cervical and upper thorax spines
Action: elevates ribs
Term
Serratus Posterior Inferior Muscle
Definition
upper lumbar and lower thoracic spines. Action: depresses ribs
Term
Postvertebral muscles
Definition
deep muscles of the back.
thick columns of muscle can rotate and pull vertebrae
Term
Erector Spinae
Definition
most superfical deep muscles
run vertically
Term
Transverospinalis
Definition
intermediate deep muscles
oblique running
Term
interspinales, intertransversarii
Definition
deepest muscles
Term
Thoracolumbar Fascia
Definition
lower back connects to 12th rib and obiliques of abdomen
Term
[image]
Definition
See notes
Term
[image]
Definition
see notes
Term
[image]
Definition
see notes
Term
[image]
Definition
see notes
Term
[image]
Definition
Term
[image]
Definition
Term
[image]
Definition
Term
Spinal nerves
Definition
31 pairs
anterior- motor efferent
posterior- sensory afferent
Term
See spinal chart
Definition
Term
Dura Mater
Definition
Tough mother
Term
Archnoid Mater
Definition
delicate, impermeable membrane covers pia mater
Term
Pia Mater
Definition
gentle mother- inner spinal cord
Term
Cerebrospinal fluid
Definition
fluid that removes waste and protects spinal cord
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