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The Axial skeleton
Section 1.2, 1.2.1 - 1.2.5
26
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
02/02/2011

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Cards

Term
The Axial Skeleton
Definition

Consists of 80 bones

 

Skull Bones: Cranium & face

Hyoid bone

Auditory ossicles

Vertebral column

Thorax: Sternum & Ribs

Term
Fissures
Definition
Narrow slit between adjacent parts of bones
Term
Fontanel
Definition
Dense connective tissue - filled space between skull bones at birth
Term
Foramen
Definition

Opening (hole) through which blood vessels, nerves or ligaments pass

 

Magnus Foramen

Term
Fossa
Definition
a shallow depression in or on a bone
Term
Sulcus
Definition
(groove) a furrow or depression that accommodates a soft structure.
Term
Meatus
Definition
A tube-like opening running within a bone.
Term
How many bones does the skull contain?
Definition
Contains 22 bones
Term
How many cranial bones are there?
Definition
Eight (frontal, two parietal, two temporal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid)
Term
External occipital protuberance
Definition
prominent midline projection on the posterior surface of the bone
Term
Sphenoid bone
Definition

middle part of the base of the skull

 

Keystone bone: articulates with all cranial bones holding them together

Term
Ethmoid bone
Definition

Light, spongy bone that forms:

part of the  anterior portion of the cranial floor

the medial walls of the orbits

the superior portions of the nasal septum

most of the sidewalls of the nasal roof

Term
How many facial bones are there?
Definition
There are 14 facial bones
Term
Coronal Suture
Definition
Between the frontal and parietal bones
Term
Sagittal Suture
Definition
between parietal bones
Term
Lambdoid suture
Definition
between the parietal and occipital bone
Term
squamous suture
Definition
between the parietal and temporal bones
Term
What is the Hyoid (U shaped)
Definition
Unique bone in between the mandible and larynx. Unique in that it does not articulate with any other bone. Suspends from styloid process of temporal bone by ligaments and muscles. Supports the tongue
Term
Body (vertebral column)
Definition
Thick, disk-shaped anterior weight-bearing portion
Term
Vertebral Arch
Definition

extends posteriorly from the body. Together with the body, they surround the spinal cord

 

Formed by pedicles and lamina

Term
Vertebral Foramen
Definition
space that lies between the vertebral arch and body that contains the spinal cord
Term
How many processes arise from the vertebral arch?
Definition

Seven.

 

First three are points of attachment for muscle

 

Last four form joints with other vertebrae

Term
How many bones in the vertebrae
Definition

26 bones

 

7 in cervial

12 in thoracic

5 in lumbar

sacrum (fusion of 5 sacral vertebrae)

coccyx (fusion of four bones)

Term
intervertebral discs
Definition

forms strong joints

absorb vertical shock

Term
What are the vertebral curves and their functions?
Definition

Two Convex (Cervical and Lumbar) form several months after birth

 

Two concave (Thoracic and sacral) form during fetal development

 

Increases strength, maintains balance in upright position, absorbs shock during walking, protects from fracture.

 

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