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The ANS
UCCS Bio 2010 Lykins- Exam 4, VAP Chp. 14
14
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
12/08/2013

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Term
ANS
Definition
aka involuntary nervous system; subdivision of the motor portion of the PNS that regulates body activities that are generally not under conscious control
Term
What makes up the ANS?
Definition
composed of a special group of motor neurons serving the smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
Term
The motor pathways of the ANS differ from those of the SNS because it consists of _____.
Definition
chains of two motor neurons, the preganglionic and postganglionic
Term
preganglionic neuron
Definition
the first visceral motor neuron of each pair, resides in the brain stem or lateral horn of the spinal cord, and its axon leaves the CNS to synapse with the postganglionic neuron
Term
postganglionic neuron
Definition
visceral motor neuron in peripheral ganglia whose cell body is located in a ganglion outside the CNS, and its axon extends to the organ it serves
Term
parasympathetic division
Definition
aka craniosacral; preganglionic neurons are located in brain stem nuclei of cranial nerves III, VII, IX, and X and in S2-S4 of the spinal cord; long preganglionic fibers and short post
Term
terminal ganglion
Definition
aka intramural ganglion; where parasympathetic preganglionic and postganglionic fibers synapse
Term
cholinergic fibers
Definition
parasympathetic postganglionic fibers that release ACh
Term
adrenergic fibers
Definition
sympathetic postganglionic fibers that release norepinephrine
Term
sympathetic division
Definition
aka thoracolumbar division; preganglionic neurons located in the lateral horns of gray matter of spinal cord from T1-L2; short preganglionic and long post
Term
The sympathetic fibers are different lengths only in _____.
Definition
adrenal medulla
Term
orthostatic hypertension
Definition
low blood pressure when up due to the sympathetic nervous system not being able to react to the gravity of standing up quickly enough; causing dizziness, light headedness, and syncope
Term
ANS motor neurons of the CNS synapse on
Definition
visceral motor neurons in autonomic ganglia, and these ganglionic neurons control visceral effectors
Term
autonomic ganglia
Definition
ganglia of the ANS that contain hundreds to thousands of ganglionic neurons; innervate visceral effectors such as cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, glands, and adipose tissue
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