Term
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Definition
| the level at which all physiology occurs (nerve cell, muscle cell, etc.) |
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Term
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Definition
| epithelia, connective, muscle, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| kidney, heart, brain, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| urinary, cardiovascular, neurologic, etc |
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Term
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Definition
| dog, cat, horse, cow, etc. |
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Term
| Eukaryotic cells have ____ nuclei |
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Definition
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Term
| what do the true nuclei in eurkaryotic cells allow it to do (3 things) |
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Definition
-nuclei allow for multi-cellular organisms to occur
-cells can specialize to form different kinds of tissues
-cells can pass genetic material from one generation to the next |
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Term
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Definition
| within the cell, holds all organelles and other structures |
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Term
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Definition
| outside of cell, contains nutrients, structural fibers, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| controls passage of fluid from intracellular to extracellular. flow of everything in and out is tightly regulated. (imagine a pool crowded with people: each person is a cell and the water is the extracellular fluid) |
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Term
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Definition
| how stuff gets in and out of cell |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of lower concentration |
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Term
| only small molecules without a strong electric charge can _____ through the cell membrane |
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Definition
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Term
| only ___ soluble molecules can diffuse through the cell membrane |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| requires energy and used for large or electrically charged or lipid insoluble substances |
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Term
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Definition
| molecules pass through gates/channels |
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Term
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Definition
things that leave the cell
(packaged into "balls" of cell membrane (vesicles) that fuse with surface to release contents to extracellular fluid) |
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Term
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Definition
things that enter the cell
(substance engulfed by cell membrane which then releases contents into intracellular fluid) |
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Term
| which five things pass through the cell membrane? |
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Definition
ions/electrolytes
nutrients
gases (oxygen, CO2, etc.)
cellular products (hormones, proteins, etc.)
waste products |
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Term
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Definition
any molecule that can carry/conduct an electrical charge
Ex: sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) |
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Term
| ____ are very important to cellular homeostasis |
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Definition
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Term
| resting membrane potential (aka voltage) |
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Definition
difference in electrical charge inside and outside of each cell
created by pumping ions across cell membrane (primarily sodium and potassium)
allows transmission of electrical charge (most important in muscle and nerve cells) |
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