Term
| What are the two most important functions of the lymphatic system? |
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Definition
| fluid balance and immunity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How do lymphatic vessels keep edema from occurring? |
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Definition
they act as “drains”; collect excess tissue fluid and returns it to the venous system just before reaching the heart
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Term
| What are the three components of the lymphatic system? |
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Definition
moving fluid (lymph)- derived from blood and tissue fluid
vessels (lymphatics)- return lymph to the blood
lymphoid tissue- reticular tissue; contains lymphocytes and other defensive cells |
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Term
| What are six examples of lymphoid tissue? |
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Definition
(All Lazy Boys Think Stupid Things)
aggregated lymph nodes
lymph nodes
bone marrow
thymus
spleen
tonsils
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Term
| What is the main difference between the lymphatic and general circulatory systems? |
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Definition
the vessels of the lymphatic system do not form a closed circuit and they begin blindly in the intercellular spaces in the soft tissues of the body
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Term
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Definition
| clear watery fluid found in lymphatic vessels; lymphatic fluid |
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Term
| Define interstitial fluid |
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Definition
fills spaces between cells; not as simple; it is complex and organized, part of the ECM; along with blood, it makes up the extracellular fluid; “internal environment of the body”
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two main lymphatic trunks? |
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Definition
right lymphatic duct
thoracic duct |
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Term
| Which areas of the body drain into which of these ducts? |
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Definition
thoracic duct: lymph from all over the body (except the upper right quadrant)
right lymphatic: lymph from upper right quadrant
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Term
| What is the cistern chili? |
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Definition
| dilated structure in the lumbar region of the abdominal cavity; where fatty lymph from intestinal tract collects |
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Term
| Lymphatic vessels resemble veins with three exceptions – what are these exceptions? |
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Definition
| have thinner walls, contain more valves, contain lymph nodes located at certain intervals along their course |
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Term
| What is the function of the numerous valves located all along the lymphatics? |
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Definition
| prevent back-flow of lymph |
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Term
| Do lymphatics have the ability to regenerate? |
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Definition
| they DO have the ability to repair when damaged |
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Term
| Why is it advantageous for lymphatic vessels to be much more permeable than regular vessels? |
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Definition
they permit large molecules and even particulate matter to be absorbed from interstitial spaces (things too large to be absorbed into blood capillaries)
and proteins that accumulate in the tissue spaces can only be returned to blood by way of lymphatics
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Term
| What is the general circulatory flow of lymph? |
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Definition
flows from lymphatic capillaries to progressively larger lymphatic vessels; eventually reenters blood at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Since there is no “lymphatic heart” – what three main mechanisms keep lymph flowing, even against the flow of gravity in most cases. |
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Definition
breathing,
skeletal muscle movement,
smooth muscles |
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Term
| What are the 2 distinct functions of lymph nodes? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do lymph nodes perform as biological and mechanical filtration units? |
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Definition
biological filtration gives the reticuloendothelial cells a chance to remove microorganisms and other injurious particles.
mechanical filtration physically stops particles from going in farther in the body.
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| surgical procedures where some or all of the breast tissue is removed; usually done to treat breast cancer |
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Term
| What is the axillary tail in the breast and what is its clinical significant in terms of breast cancer and/or infections? |
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Definition
the axillary tail are large nodes in axillary region that are in contact with a segment of breast tissue.
because of the contact, cancerous and infectious cells can spread
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Term
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Definition
| chronic infection of the tonsils; when the tonsils are inflamed |
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Term
| What are the four groups of tonsils that make up the pharyngeal lymphoid ring? |
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Definition
palatine tonsils,
pharyngeal tonsils,
lingual tonsils,
tubal tonsils |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical removal of the tonsils; usually if breathing is impaired or antibiotics aren’t treating tonsillitis |
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Term
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Definition
when the thymus gradually atrophies; by old age, it is small, and mostly made up of fat and yellow in color because of the fat tissue
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Term
| What lymphatic organ undergoes involution process? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two main functions of the thymus? |
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Definition
1.serves as the final site of lymphocyte development before birth
2. it secretes group of hormones (thymosine) and other regulators soon after birth |
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Term
| What are the four functions of the spleen discussed in lecture |
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Definition
defense,
hematopoiesis,
RBC and platelet destruction,
and a blood reservoir |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical removal of spleen |
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