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Test One
Study on the heart and blood from chapters 17&18
18
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
02/02/2010

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the three functions of blood?
Definition
Transportation, Protection, Regulation
Term
What does blood transport? To where?
Definition

o      Oxygen and Carbon dioxide transported throughout the body

o      Nutrients from GI tract to tissues

o      Metabolic wastes to kidneys

o      Hormones from endocrine cells to target cells

o      Stem cells from bone marrow to tissues where they lodge and mature

Term
What roles does blood play in protection?
Definition

o Plays several roles in inflammation

§ Defense mechanism limiting spread of infection

o White blood cells destroys microbes and cancer cells

o Antibodies and complement proteins to neutralize toxins and destroy pathogens

o Platelets secrete factors that promote blood clotting and other hemostatic functions

 

Term
What does blood regulate?
Definition

o      Body temperature

  Carrying heat to body surface

o      Stabilize distribution of body fluids

o      Buffers acids and bases

Blood proteins help stabilize pH of extracellular            fluids

Term
What is the least dense component of blood?
Definition
Plasma
Term
What percentage of blood is plasma?
Definition
55%
Term
What are the three main proteins that are found in plasma?
Definition

  • Albumin
  • Globulins
  • Fibrinogen

Term
Buffy Coat
Definition

Small layer of leukocytes in a hematocrit 

Term
Hematocrit
Definition

The % of RBCs in the blood

Term
Average hematocrit for females? Males?
Definition
  • Females: 42% +/-5%
  • Males: 47% +/-5%
Term
Hemopoiesis
Definition
Formation of blood cells
Term
Where does hemopoiesis take place?
Definition

Occurs in red bone marrow of axial skeleton, girdles and proximal epiphysis of humerus and femur

Term
Erythropoiesis
Definition
Formation of RBCs
Term
What stimulates RBC production? Where does it come from?
Definition
Erythropoietin; comes from the kidneys
Term
Leukopoiesis
Definition
Formation of WBCs
Term
Thrombopoiesis
Definition
Platelet formation
Term
What is the RBC formation process?
Definition

1.    Hemocytoblast-stem cell

2.    Proerythroblast-committed cell

3.    Erythroblast Early-Phase 1: Ribosome synthesis

4.    Erythroblast Late-Phase 2: Hemoglobin accumulation

5.    Normoblast Phase 3: Ejection of nucleus

6.    Reticulocyte

7.    Erythrocyte

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