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Test 8
sixth pg of notes
26
Anatomy
11th Grade
05/08/2016

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Term
results from an infection of the lungs by bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis with coughing and chest pain, fever, right sweats, fatigue, and weight loss
Definition
tuberculosis (TB)
Term
What was TB known as in 1900 and was the leading cause of death?
Definition
consumption
Term
TB remains one of the most common and serious infectious disease, killing how many people each year?
Definition
2 million
Term
most common lethal inherited disease affecting individuals of Northern European descent (1 in 2500 births), it is an inherited congenital defect where respiratory mucosa produces dense, viscous mucous that cannot be transported by respiratory defense system
Definition
Cystic Fibrosis (CF)
Term
throat
Definition
pharynx
Term
What does the larynx consist of ?
Definition
3 unpaired cartilages
Term
What kind of cartilage is hyaline cartilage that forms most of larynx?
Definition
thyroid cartilages
Term
What is the part of the thyroid cartilage that is prominent and can be felt?
Definition
Adam's apple
Term
What provides ligament attachments, and epiglottis forms a lid over the glottis and is composed of elastic cartilage?
Definition
cricoid cartilage
Term
What happens during swallowing?
Definition
the larynx is elevated and the epiglottis folds back over glottis and prevents entry of food and liquids into the respiratory tract
Term
What does the larynx contain?
Definition
vocal cords
Term
infection or inflammation of larynx using hoarseness or loss of voice
Definition
laryngitis
Term
bacterial or viral infections of epiglottis causing swelling that may result in suffocation (what killed George Washington)
Definition
acute epiglottis
Term
a stationary blood clot lodged in the lungs or blood vessels associated with lungs
Definition
pulmonary embolism
Term
low tissue oxygen levels
Definition
hypoxia
Term
supply of oxygen is cut off completely, kills cells very quickly,much of damage caused by strokes and heart attacks is the result of this
Definition
anoxia
Term
air is allowed into pleural cavity due to an injury to chest wall that penetrates the parietal pleura or a rupture of alveoli that breaks through visceral pleura
Definition
pneumothorax
Term
What does pneumothorax do?
Definition
breaks the fluid bond between the pleurae and allows elastic fibers to recoil resulting in a collapsed lung
Term
collapsed lung
Definition
atelectasis
Term
painful condition when a person is exposed to a sudden drop in atmospheric pressure
Definition
decompression sickness
Term
What is responsible for decompression sickness?
Definition
nitrogen gas- when pressure drops, nitrogen comes out of solution forming bubbles that may for in joint cavities, bloodstream, and cerebrospinal fluid
Term
the bends
Definition
people may curl up due to joint pain bc of decompression sickness
Term
kills about 10,000 infants each year in US,generally occurs between midnight and 9Am in infants 2-4 months old, the sleeping infant suddenly stops breaking, turns blue, and relaxes (interconnection process that disrupts reflexive respiratory pattern)
Definition
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) (crib death)
Term
period in which respiration is suspended
Definition
apnea
Term
chronic, progressive condition with shortness of breath and inability to tolerate physical exertion due to destruction of alveolar surfaces and inadequate surface area for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange
Definition
emphysema
Term
chronic, progressive condition with shortness of breath and inability to tolerate physical exertion due to destruction of alveolar surfaces and inadequate surface area for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange
Definition
emphysema
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