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Test 8
fourth pg of notes
22
Anatomy
11th Grade
05/07/2016

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Term
In normal, healthy individuals, about how much blood flows through the kidney each minute?
Definition
1200mL
Term
What are the main metabolic waste products excreted by kidneys?
Definition
urea, creatinine, uric acid
Term
most abundant organic waste, general about 21g each day through breakdown of amino acids
Definition
urea
Term
generated in skeletal muscle tissues through breakdown of _______ phosphate for muscle contraction --1.8g per day
Definition
creatinine
Term
formed during recycling of nitrogen bases from RNA, about 480mg per day
Definition
uric acid
Term
What are the basic process of urine formation?
Definition
flitration, reabsorption, secretion
Term
blood pressure forces water and solutes across the wall of glomerular capillaries and into capsular space
Definition
filtration
Term
removal of water and solutes from filtrate and moves them across the tubular epithelium into peritubular fluid
Definition
reabsorption
Term
transport of solutes from the peritubular fluid into tubular fluid (back up for filtration, lowers concentration of undesirable)
Definition
secretion
Term
drugs that promote the loss of water in urine (given to those with high blood pressure or congestive heart failure)
Definition
diuretic
Term
renal calculi
Definition
kidney stones
Term
Where do two ureters carry aqueous waste solutions to be stored?
Definition
urinary bladder
Term
What does the mucosa lining of the bladder contain that disappear when bladder fills?
Definition
folds called rugae
Term
contractions of this muscle compresses the urinary bladder and expels its contents into urethra
Definition
detrusor muscle of urinary bladder
Term
What is a circular band of skeletal muscle that acts as a band and is controlled voluntarily and remains contracted to prevent urination (micturition)?
Definition
external urethral sphincter
Term
inability to control urination voluntarily
Definition
incontinence
Term
presence of blood in urine
Definition
hematuria
Term
inability of kidneys to excrete wastes in sufficient quantities to maintain homeostasis
Definition
renal failure
Term
disease causing agents
Definition
pathogens
Term
80% of lymphocytes (thymus dependent)
Definition
T cells
Term
When stimulated, B cells can differentiate into what that are responsible for production and secretion of antibodies (immunoglobulins)?
Definition
plasma cells
Term
When stimulated, B cells can differentiate into what that are responsible for production and secretion of antibodies (immunoglobulins)?
Definition
plasma cells
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