Term
| What kind of hormones remain in circulation a long time because most are attached to special transport proteins? |
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Definition
| thyroid and steroid hormones |
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Term
| Which hormones cannot affect the target cell directly because they are on the membrane, so they activate molecules in cells? |
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Definition
| catecholamines, peptide hormones, eicosanoids |
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Term
| The hormones act as the first messenger and leads to appearance of the second messenger to change what? |
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Definition
| the rates of metabolic reactions |
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Term
| What are the most important second messengers? |
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Definition
| cycilic AMP (cAMP), cycilic GMP (cGMP), and calcium ions |
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Term
| appearance of numerous second messengers in a cell that magnifies the effect of a hormone on the target cell |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes cells to become less sensitive to a hormone because levels of that hormone are high? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes cells to become sensitive to the hormone because the hormone levels are low? |
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Definition
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Term
| Steroid hormones diffuse across the phospholipid cell membrane and binds to what in the cytoplasm or nucleus and then activate or deactivate specific genes and these hormones can alter the rate of DNA transcription in nucleus and change the patter of protein synthesis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What hormones does the hypothalamus secrete? |
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Definition
| releasing or inhibiting hormones |
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Term
| What cases the pancreas to increase secretions of the hormone insulin to allow absorption and utilization of glucose? |
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Definition
| blood glucose levels rise |
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Term
| As insulin levels increase, what declines, so the stimulation of insulin-secreting cells is reduced? (Negative feedback) |
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Definition
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