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Test # 4
Digestive System, Metabolism, Urinary System, Fluids, Reproductive System,
87
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
12/12/2010

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

1. Which of tthe following processes is the function of the smooth muscle layer of the digestive system?

a. Ingestion

b. Secretion

c. Mixing and propulsion

d. Absorption

e. None of the above

 

Definition
c. Mixing and propulsion
Term

2. Which of the following is the primary function of the mouth?

a. Ingestion

b. Secretion

c. Mixing and propulsion

d. Absorption

e. None of the above

 

Definition
a. Ingestion
Term

3. which of the follwing is the primary funciton of the villi of the small instestine?

a. Ingestion

b. Secretion

c. Mixing and propulsion

d. Absorption

e. None of the above

 

Definition
d. Absorption
Term

4. Which of the following accessory organs produces a fluid to soften food?

a. Teeth

b. Salivary glands

c. Liver

d. Gallbladder

e. Pharynx

 

Definition
b. Salivary glands
Term

5. This layer of the GI tract is composed of areolar connective tissue containing blood and lymph vessels.

a. Muoca

b. Lamina propria

c. MALT

d. Muscularis

e. Epithelium

 

Definition
b. Lamina propria
Term

6. This layer of the GI tract is composed of areolar connective tissue that binds the mucosa to the muscularis.

a. Submucosa

b. Lamina propria

e. Epithelium

d. Seroa

e. None of the above

 

Definition
a. Submucosa
Term

7. These are composed of prominet lymphatic nodules that function in the immune response.

a. Mucosa

b. Lamina propria

c. MALT

 

Definition
c. MALT
Term

8. This plexus is located between the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers of the muscularis.

a. ENS

b. Myentric plexus

c. Submucosal plexus

d. Digestive plexus

e. Absorption plexus

 

Definition
b. Myentric plexus
Term

9. This portion of the peritoneum drapes over the transverse colon and coils of the small intestine.

a. Greater omentum

b. Falciform ligament

c. Lesser omentum

d. mesentery

e. Mesocolon

 

Definition
a. Greater omentum
Term

10. This portion of the peritoneum attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm.

a. Greater omentum

b. Falciform ligament

c. Lesser omentum

d. mesentery

e. Mesocolon

 

 

Definition
b. Falciform ligament
Term

11. This portion of the peritoneum is largely responsible for carrying blood and lymph vessels to the intestines.

a. Greater omentum

b. Falciform ligament

c. Lesser omentum

d. mesentery

e. Mesocolon

Definition
E. Mesocolon
Term

12. Which of the following secrete hydrochloric acid?

a. Mucous cells

b. Parietal cells

c. Chief cells

d. Serosa cells

e.Chyme cells

 

Definition
b. Parietal cells
Term

13. This digestive aid, produced by the stomach, begins digestion by denaturing proteins.

a. Bicarbonate ion

b. mucus

c Bile

d. Hydrochloric acid

e. Water

 

Definition
d. Hydrochloric acid
Term

14. This portion of the peritoneum binds the jejunum and ileum of the small intestines to the posterior abdominal wall.

a. Greater omentum

b. Falciform ligament

c. Lesser omentum

d. Mesentery

e. Mesocoloon

 

Definition
d. Mesentery
Term

15. The movement of food from the mouth into the stomach is achieved by the act of swallowing, or

a. Passage

b. Reflux

c. Deglutition

d. Both B and C

e. None of the above

 

Definition
c. Deglutition
Term

16. This structure regulates the flow of material into the colon.

a. Ileocecal sphincter

b. Pyloric sphincter

c. appendix

d. Sigmoid colon

e. Anal canal

 

Definition
a. Ileocecal sphincter
Term

17. Structurally, the four major regions of the large intestive are the

a. Colon, appendix, rectum, anal canal

b. Mesocolon, tranverse colon, ascending colon, sigmoid colon

c. Mesoappendix, mesentery, colon, rectum

d. Colon, appendix, cecum, anal canal

e. Cecum, colon, rectum, anal canal

 

Definition
e. Cecum, colon, rectum, anal canal
Term

18. Which of the following is not a primary function of the large intestine?

a. Mechanical digestion

b. Chemnical digestion

c. Absorption

d. Feces formation

e. Regulation of blood glucose

 

 

Definition
e. Regulation of blood glucose
Term

19. Fingerlike projections of mucosa that are the sites of absorptionof digested food and increase the surface area for digestion and absorption.

a. Circular Folds

b. Microvilli

c. Villi

d. Brunners' Glands.

e. Both B and C

Definition
c. Villi
Term

20. Lingual glands in the tongue secrete an enzyme called lingual lipase which uses _______ as substrates.

a. Starches

b. Proteins

c. Maltose

d. Polysaccharides

e. Fats and oils

 

Definition
e. Fats and oils
Term
21. True (A) or False (B). the opening of the anal canal to the exterior, called the anus, is guarded by an internal anal sphincter of skeleral muscle (voluntary).
Definition
Falses (B)
Term

22. Which of the following cells secrete mucus? Figure 1

a. B

d. C

c. D

d. E

Definition
a. B
Term

23. Which of the following cells secretes intrinsic factor? Figure 1

a. A

b. B

c. C

d. D

e. E

 

Definition
c. C
Term

24. Which of the following cells secretes gastrin? Figure 1

a. A

d. B

c. D

d. D

e. E

Definition
d. E
Term

25. Which of the following cells secretes pepsinogen? Figure 1

a. A

d. B

c. C

d. D

e. E

 

Definition
d. D
Term

26. What is line A pointin to? Figure 2

a. Lumen

b. MALT

c. Mucosa

d. Submucosa

e. Muscularis

 

Definition
b. MALT
Term

27. What layer is composed of areolar connective tissue and epithelium? Figure 2

a. A

b. B

c. C

d. D

e. E

Definition
e. E
Term

28. What layer contains the lamina propria? Figure 2

a. A

b. B

c. C

d. D

e. E

 

Definition
b. B
Term

29. True (A) or False (B) the epithelium in the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, and anal canal is mainly simple columnar epithelium.

 

Definition
False (B)
Term

30. This is the portion of the stomach that connects to the duodenum. Figure 3

a. A

b. E

c. B

d. C

e. D

 

 

Definition
b. E ?
Term

31. What does line G point to? Figure 3

a. Pylorus

b. Pyloric sphincter

c. Ruggae

d. Pyloric antrum

e. Greater curvature

 

Definition
d. Pyloric antrum
Term

32. What is line I pointing to? Figure 3

a. Greater curvatue

b. Lesser curvature

c. Body

d. Fundus

e. Cardia

 

Definition
d. Fundus
Term

33. What is line A pointing to? Figure 3

a. Upper esophageal sphincter

b. Lesser curvatue

c. Lower esophageal sphincter

d. Fundus

e. Cardia

 

 

Definition
c. Lower esophageal sphincter
Term

34. What is line H pointing to? Figure 3

a. Greater curvatue

b. Lesser curvatue

c. Lower esophageal sphincter

d. Fundus

e. Cardia

 

 

Definition
a. Greater curvatue
Term

35. Swallowing occurs in 3 stages: in stage (1)

a. the involuntary state, the bolus is passed into the nasopharynx

b. the voluntary state, the bolus is passed into the oropharynx

c. The voluntary state, the bolus is passes into the nasopharynx

d. None of the above

 

Definition
b. the voluntary state, the bolus is passed into the oropharynx
Term

36. This is considered to be the longest region of the small intestine.

a. Ileum

b. Duodenum

c. jejunum

 

Definition
a. Ileum
Term
37. True (A) or False (B). saliva is 99.5% water and 0.5% solutes. among the solutes are sodium, potassium, chloride and some dissolved gases.
Definition
True (A)
Term
38. True (A) or False (B). The myenteric plexus, or plexus of Auerbach is located between the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers of the mucosa.
Definition
False (B)
Term

39. When the terminal phosphate is cut off ATP what is formed?

a. Adenosine diphosphate

b. GTP

c. Adenosine monophosphate

d. Metabolic water

e. Glucose

 

Definition
a. Adenosine diphosphate
Term
40. True (A) or False (B). The parietal peritoneum lines the wall of the abdominopelvic cavity, and the visceral peritoneum, which covers some of the organs in the vacity and is their serosa.
Definition
True (A)
Term

41. Oxidation is

a. The removal of protons

b. The removal of electrons

c. The addition of protons

d. The addition of electrons

e. None of the above

 

Definition
b. The removal of electrons
Term

42. Which two reactions require oxygen to produce ATP?

a. Glycolysis and formation of acetel coenzyme A

b. Electron transport chain

c. Krebs cycle

d. Both B and C

e. Both A and B

 

Definition
d. Both B and C
Term

43. Which of the following occurs in the inner mitochondial memrabne of cells?

 

a. Substrate level phosphorylation

b. Substrate level and oxidative phophorylation

c. Oxidative phosphorylation

d. Photophosphorylation

 

Definition
c. Oxidative phosphorylation
Term

44. Glycolysis, formation of acetyl Co-A, Krebs cylce and the electron transport chain are all involved iin:

a. Lipogensis

b. Gluconeogenesis

d. Glucose catabolism

d. Formation of Glycogen

e. Formation of vitamin C

 

Definition
d. Glucose catabolism
Term

45. Where does glycolysis take place?

a. Cytosol

b. Plasma membrane

c. Nucleus

d. Mitochondia

e. Golgi apparatus

 

Definition
a. Cytosol
Term

46. Where does the kreb's cycle take place?

a. Cytosol

b. Plasma membrane

c. Nucleus

d. Mitochondia

e. Golgi Apparatus

 

Definition
d. Mitochondia
Term

47. Chemical reactions that combine simple molecules and monomers to form complex structures are known as

a. metabolism

b. Anabolism

c. Catabolism

d. Metatheses

e. None of the above

 

Definition
b. Anabolism
Term
48. True or Falses. Oxidation of glucose to produce ADP is also known as cellular respiration and it involves four sets of reactions.
Definition
False
Term
49. True or False. Oxidavtive phophorylation removes electrons from inorganic compounds and passes them through a series of electron acceptors.
Definition
False
Term
50. True of False. Substrate-Level phosphorylation occurs in the cytosol.
Definition
True
Term

51. Which is not a major function of the kidney?

a. regulation of blood ionic compostion

b. regulation of blood cell size

c. regulation of blood volume

d. regulation of blood pressure

e. regulation of blood pH

 

Definition
b. regulation of blood cell size
Term

52. Which of the following is a waste product normally excreted by the kidneys?

a. Urea

b. Glucose

b. Insulin

d. Cholesterol

e. Carbon dioxide

 

Definition
a. Urea
Term

53. The portion of the kidney that extends between the renal pyramids is called the

a. Renal columns

b. renal medulla

c. renal pelvis

d. calyces

e. renal papilla

 

Definition
a. Renal columns
Term

54. Which is the correct order of blood flow?

 

a. renal artery-segmental artery-interlobar artery peritubular capillaries-afferent arterioles

b. interlobular arteries-arcuate arteries-glomerular capillaties-arcuate veins

c. arcuate veins-arcuate arteries-glomerular capillaries-renal vein

d. renal vein-segmental arteries-interlobar arteries-efferent arterioles

e. interlobar veins-afferent arterioles-efferent arterioles-glomerular capillaries

 

 

Definition
b. interlobular arteries-arcuate arteries-glomerular capillaties-arcuate veins
Term

55. Which is the correct order of filtrage flow?

 

a. Glomerular capsule, Proximal convoluted Tubule (PCT), Loop of Henle, Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT), Collecting duct

b. Loopf of Henle, Glomerular Capsule, PCT, DCT, Collecting duct

c. Ascending limb of Loop, PCT, DCT, Collecting duct

d. Collecting duct, DCT, PCT, Collecting duct, Glomerular Capsule

e. PCT, Glomerular Capsule, DCT, Collecting duct, Loope of Henle

 

Definition
a. Glomerular capsule, Proximal convoluted Tubule (PCT), Loop of Henle, Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT), Collecting duct
Term

56. This is the structure of the nephron that filters blood.

a. Glomerular capsule

b. Loop of Henle

c. Ascending limb

d. collecting duct

e. Renal corpuscle

 

Definition
a. Glomerular capsule
Term

57. this term means entry of substances into the body from the filtrate.

 

a. reabsorption

b. filtration

c. secretion

d. excretion

e. none of the above

 

Definition
a. reabsorption
Term

58. This is a nephron process that results in a substance in blood entering the already formed filtrate.


a. reabsorption

b. filtration

c. secretion

d. exretion

e. none of the above

 

Definition
c. secretion
Term

59. This transports urine from the kidney to the bladder.

a. Urethra

b. Ureter

c. Descending loop of Henle

d. Renal hilus

e. none of the above

 

Definition
b. Ureter
Term

60. This process occurs in hepatocytes and produces ammonia (NH3). the cells then convert the highly toxic ammonia to urea.

a. Ketogenesis

b. Lipogenesis

c. Glucogenesis

d. Deamination

e. Both B and C

 

Definition
d. Deamination
Term

61. What is are A?

 

Definition
Renal cortex
Term
62. What is are B?
Definition
Renal medulla
Term
63. What is are D?
Definition
Renal Pyramid
Term
64. What is are E?
Definition
Renal sinus
Term
65. What is are H?
Definition
Nephron
Term

66. What is are I?

 

Definition
Collecting duct
Term
67. What is are J?
Definition
Papillary duct in renal pyramid
Term

68. What is are K?

 

Definition
Minor Calyx
Term
69. What is are L?
Definition
Major Calyx
Term
70. What is are M?
Definition
Renal Pelvis
Term

71. Which is the correct path for urine drainage?

 

a. Renal pelvis, bladder, ureter, nephron, papillary duct in renal pyramid

b. nephron, major calyx, bladder, ureter, papillary duct in renal pyramid

c. papillary duct in renal pyramid, major calyx, renal pelvis, nephron, bladder

d. Nephron, papillary duct in renal pyramid, major calyx, renal pelvis, ureter, baldder

 

Definition
d. Nephron, papillary duct in renal pyramid, major calyx, renal pelvis, ureter, baldder
Term
72-75 Compare and contrast the differences between the small intestine and the large intestine.
Definition
Term

76. how much of the total volume of body fluid is intracellular fluid?

a. 10%

b. 50%

c. 1/3

d. 2/3

e. 99%

 

Definition
d. 2/3
Term

77. 80% of the extracellular fluid is

 

a. Plasma

b. Cytosol

c. Interstitial fluid

d. Lymph

e. Bile

 

Definition
c. Interstitial fluid
Term

This is the largest single component of the human body.

a. Skin

b. Water

c. Blood

d. Organs.

e. Electrolytes

 

Definition
b. Water
Term

79. This occurs when water loss is greater than water gain.

 

a. Dehydration

b. Evaporation

c. Precipitation

d. Insensible loss

e. None of the above

 

Definition
a. Dehydration
Term

80. Which of the following is a function of an electrolyte in the body?

a. Controlling osmosis between compartments

b. Maintaining acid-base balance

c. Carry electrical currents

d. Serve as cofactors

e. All of the above

 

 

Definition
e. All of the above
Term

81. In extracellular fluid the most abundant cation is

 

a. Na+

b. Cl-

c. K+

d. HPO2−4

e. HCO3

Definition
a. Na+
Term

82. In extracellular fluid the most abundant anion is

 

a. Na+

b. Cl-

c. K+

d. HPO2−4

e. HCO3

 

Definition
b. Cl-
Term

83. In intracellular fluid the most abundant cation is

 

a. Na+

b. Cl-

c. K+

d. HPO2−4

e. HCO3

 

Definition
c. K+
Term

84. In intracellular fluid the most abundant anion is

 

a. Na+

b. Cl-

c. K+

d. HPO2−4

e. HCO3

 

Definition
d. HPO2−4
Term

85. this is the most abundant mineral in the body.

 

a. Na+

b. Calcium

c. Magnesium

d. Phosphate

e. Proteins

 

Definition
b. Calcium
Term

86. This structure is the site of sperm production.

 

a. Vas deferens

b. Seminiferous tubules

c. Albuginea

d. Epididymis

e. Raphe

 

Definition
b. Seminiferous tubules
Term

87. The function of epididymis is

 

a. Sperm maturation

b. Produce Sperm

c. Speratid storage

d. provide nutrition to sperm

e. Absorption of calcium

 

Definition
a. Sperm maturation
Term

88. This is the site of fertilization.

 

a. Ureters

b. Urethra

c. Uterine tubes

d. Ovaries

e. Vagina

 

Definition
c. Uterine tubes ?
Term

89. This is the portion of the uterus that opens into the vagina.

 

a. Urethra

b. Cervix

c. Uterine tubes

d. Inguinal canal

e. Ovaries.

 

Definition
b. Cervix
Term

90. What is produced by the ovaries?

 

a. Primary oocytes, insulin and estrogen

b. Secondary oocytes, progesterone and cortisol

c. Tertiary oocytes, insulin and estrogen

d. Secondary oocytes, estrogen and progesterone

e. Primary oocytes, estrogen and testosterone

 

Definition
d. Secondary oocytes, estrogen and progesterone
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