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test 3
na
123
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
10/11/2008

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
The scientific name for a nerve cell is
Definition
Neuron
Term
The sheath around some neuron fibers that aids in regeneration(healing)
Definition
Neurilemma
Term
A nerve containing both afferent and efferent fibers
Definition
mixed
Term
A nerve containing only afferent fibers
Definition
sensory
Term
a nerve containing only efferent fibers
Definition
motor
Term
The voluntary nervous system controls
Definition
Skeletal muscles
Term
Fibers that carry impulses toward the neuron cell body are called
Definition
Dendrites
Term
fibers tha carry impulses away from the neuron coll body are called
Definition
axons
Term
A ______ is a bundle of neuron fibers within the central nervous system
Definition
Tract
Term
A _______ is a bunch of neuron cell bodies in the PNS
Definition
Ganglion
Term
A ______ is a bundle of neurons fibers within the central nervous system
Definition
nerve
Term
A ______ is a bunch of neuron cell bodies within the central nervous system
Definition
Nerve center
Term
The (spider) web-like middle meningeal layer
Definition
Aracnoid
Term
The inner meningeal layer containing pain nerve endings and blood vessels
Definition
Pia Mater
Term
The tough, outer meningeal layer
Definition
Dura mater
Term
an elevated portion of the cerebral cortex
Definition
Gyrus
Term
a shallow groove in the surface of the cerebral cortex
Definition

Sulcus

Term
a deep groove in the cerebral cortex
Definition
Fissure
Term
The largest part of the brain
Definition
Cerebrum
Term
The part of the brain with a name meaning "little Brain"
Definition
Cerebellum
Term
The region of the diencephalon that acts as a relay center for sensory stimuli
Definition
Thalamus
Term
The region of the diencephalon that helps maintain homeostasis
Definition
hypothalamus
Term
The region of the diencephalon that deals with emotions
Definition
limbric system
Term
The nerve (name and number) that carries nisual impulses from the eye to the brain
Definition
Optic nerve II
Term
The lobe of the brain that interprets vision
Definition
Occipital
Term
The nerve that carries hearing and balance to the brain
Definition
Vestibulocochlear
Term
The lobe of the brain that interprets hearing
Definition
Temporal
Term
Impulses for the sense of taste travel to the
Definition
Temporal lobe
Term
Impulses for the olfactory sense travels to the ____ lobe
Definition
Temperal
Term
A vision receptor that is sensitive to color ( and requires more light)
Definition
Cone
Term
A vision receptor that is sensitive to dim light and only detects black and white
Definition
Rods
Term
The watery fluid that fills much of the eyeball in front of the crystalline lens
Definition
anqueous humor
Term
The thick fluid that fills much of the eyeball behind the crystalline lens 
Definition
vitreous humor
Term
The scientific name for the tear gland
Definition
Lacrimal
Term
The scientific name for the tear duct from the eye to the nose
Definition
Nasolacrimal duct
Term
The scientific name for the corner of the eye (inner and outer)
Definition
Canthus
Term
Another name for the projecting part, or auricle, of the ear (holds my hat up)
Definition
Pinna
Term
The branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve that carries hearing impulse
Definition
cochlear branch
Term
The branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve that carries balance impulses
Definition
Vestibular branch
Term
Alterations in the lens shape to allow for near or far vision is called
Definition
accommodation
Term
The iris is a/an _____ muscle of the eye
Definition
Intrinsic
Term
The ciliary body is a _____ muscle of the eye
Definition
Intrinsic
Term
There are 6 _____ muscles of the eye
Definition
Extrinsic
Term
The endocrine gland composed of cortex and medulla, each with specific functions
Definition
Adrenal gland
Term
The gland in the neck whose hormone increases the metabolic rate
Definition
Thryoid
Term
The 4 small endocrine glands in the nexk which control calcium levels in the blood
Definition
Parathyroid
Term
The main hormone ofthe adrenal gland that raises blood pressure and increases the heart rate
Definition
Epinephrine-adrenalin
Term
A gland that produces the hormone that lowers blood glucose level (makes cells permable to glucose)
Definition
Pancreas
Term
The endocrine gland that controls many othere endocrine glands using tropic hormones
Definition
Pituitary
Term
The small gland posterior to the thalamus, which helps control sleep
Definition
Pineal
Term
The endocrine gland in the chest playing a vital role inthe immune system
Definition
Thymus
Term
The portion of the pregnant uterus that secretes hormones
Definition
Plecenta
Term
The building blocks of growth hormones are
Definition
Amino Acids
Term
______ porduces estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone in women
Definition
Ovaries
Term
______ porduces estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone in men
Definition
Testees
Term
How does insulin affect the cell membrane
Definition
Makes it permiable to glucose
Term
How doest insulin affect blood sugar
Definition
Lowers
Term
Diabetes insipidus results in too much ______ production
Definition
Urine
Term
Diabetes insipidus is the result of too little _____ hormone production
Definition
ADH
Term
The system that reverses the fight-flight-freeze response
Definition
Parasympathetic Branch
Term
The system that starts the fight-flight-freeze response
Definition
sympathetic branch
Term
The portion of the cerebral cortex where the sense of touch is interpreted
Definition
Paretial lobe
Term
The scientific name for nearsightedness
Definition
Myopia
Term
The scientific name for farsightedness
Definition
Hyperopia
Term
The visual defect caused by irregularity in the curvature of the lens or cornea
Definition
astigmatism
Term
A nerve cell fiber that carries impulses away fro mthe cell body
Definition
axons
Term
The structural division of the nervous system that includes the brain
Definition
PNS
Term
The fatty material that covvers some axons in the called
Definition
myline sheath
Term
Dilation of the bronchial tubes is increased by the part of the autonomic nervous system called
Definition
Sympathetic branch
Term
The hormone that dilates the bronchial tubes is
Definition
adrenalin
Term
The spinal nerves are part of the ___ nervous system
Definition
Peripheral
Term
Cranial nerves are part of the ______ nervous system
Definition
peripheral
Term
an individual subdivison of the cerebrum that regulates specific functions
Definition
lobe
Term
Damage to the brain tissue caused by the blood clot, reptured vessel, or embolism
Definition
CVA, stroke, apoplexy
Term
Bleeding between the dura mater and the shull
Definition
Epidural hermatoma
Term
Bleeding between the dura mater and the brain
Definition
Subdural hematoma
Term
The scientific name for the disorder in which light rays are not bent sharply enough to focus on the retina when viewing close objects
Definition
Hyperopia
Term
The innermost coat of the eye, the nervous tissue layer that includes the creceptors for the sense of vision
Definition
Retina
Term
The middle coat of the eye
Definition
Choroid coat
Term
The outermost coat of the eye
Definition
Sclera
Term
THe structure that alters the shape of the lens for accommodation
Definition
ciliary body
Term
The structure that alters the size of the pupil
Definition
Iris
Term
The jelly-like material located behind the crystalline lens that maintains the spherical shape of the eyeball
Definition
Vitreous humor
Term
The nerve that carries visual impulses from the retina to the brain
Definition
optic nerve
Term
One of the tiny glands located behind the thyroid gland
Definition
Parathyroid
Term
A hormone that lowers the blood glucose level
Definition
insulin
Term
a disease in which insulin functions is abnormally low
Definition
Diabetes mellitus
Term
The cell organelle that builds growth hormone
Definition
ribosomes
Term
Diabetes insipidus results from a deficiency of
Definition
ADH
Term
Polyuria and polydipsia are common symptoms of both _____ and ______
Definition
diabetes Mellitus and Diabetes insipidus
Term
Which hormone secreted from the posterior pituitary that is involved in water balance
Definition
ADH
Term
The structural division of the nervous system that includes the nerves and ganglia
Definition
PNS
Term
A collection of neuron cell bodies located outside the CNS
Definition
ganglion
Term
The tough outter meningeal layer is the
Definition
Dura mater
Term
The inner meningeal layer containg pain receptors and blood vessels is the
Definition
Pia mater
Term
An individual subdivision of the cerebrum that regulates specific functions
Definition
lobe
Term
A vision receptor that is not sensitive to color
Definition
Rob
Term
A vision receptor that is sensative to color
Definition
Cone
Term
One of the glands located above the kidneys
Definition
adrenal
Term
The endocrine gland composed of a cortex and medulla, each with a specific function
Definition
adrenal
Term
A hormone that lowers the blood glucose level
Definition
Insulin
Term
What kind of physical energy is the eye detecting?
Definition
light
Term
Why do we have both rods and cones
Definition
Depth perception and color
Term
What is the advantage of having rods
Definition
Night vision
Term
What is the scientific name for focusing
Definition
accommodation
Term
What is the bending of light called?
Definition
refraction
Term
what is the scientific name for the farsighted?
Definition
hyperopia
Term
What is the scientific name for nearsightedness?
Definition
myopia
Term
What is the name of the disorder where the cornea has anirregular surface?
Definition
Astigmatism
Term
Which eye humor is irreplaceable
Definition
vitreous
Term
Which eye humor is involved with glaucoma?
Definition
aqueous
Term
What is the shape of the lens when looking at something near
Definition
round
Term
What is the shape ofthe lense when looking at something far?
Definition
flat
Term
A contact lens rests on the _____
Definition
cornea
Term
How many extrinsic eye muscles are there
Definition
6
Term
How many intrinsic eye muscles are there
Definition
2
Term
What substance fills the outer ear
Definition
air
Term
What substance fills the middle ear
Definition
air
Term
what substance fills the inner ear
Definition
fluid
Term
What is the disorder called when the middle ear is inflamed?
Definition
Otitis media
Term
What symptoms may a patient have if the inner ear is inflamed?
Definition
Vertigo
Term
Exposure to what will cause permanent hearing loss?
Definition
loud noise
Term
Which cranial nerve carries both the senses of hearing and equilibrium to the brain?
Definition
Vestibulocochlear VIII
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