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Test # 1
Chapter 24, 12, and 13 - Respiratory System, Nervous System, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
67
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
12/10/2010

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Cards

Term

1. the uypper respiratory system consists of all the following except

a. Nose

b. Larynx

c. Pharynx

d. Both A and C

Both B and C

Definition
B. Larynx
Term

2) The lower respiratory system consists of all the following except

a) Trachea

b) Larynx

c) Pharynx

d) Both A and C

e) Both B and C

Definition
C. Pharynx
Term

3) The cardiac notch is located on the right lung.

a) True

b) False

Definition
B. False
Term

4) The left lung has two lobes in comparison to the right lung which has 3.

a) True

b) False

Definition
a) True
Term

5) This portion of the pharynx lies posterior to the nasal cavity and extends to the soft palate.

a) Laryngopharynx

b) hypopharynx

c) Oropharynx

d) Nasopharynx

e) Both A and C

Definition
d) Nasopharynx
Term

6) As branching becomes more extensive in the bronchial tree

a) mucous membrane changes from ciliated simple columnar epithelium with some goblets cells in the primary bronchi to pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium in larger bronchioles.

b) Plates of cartilage gradually replace the incomplete rings of cartilage in the primary bronchi & finally disappear in the distal bronchioles

c) As the amount of cartilage decreases, the amount of smooth muscle decreases

d) All of the above

e) None of the above

 

Definition
b) Plates of cartilage gradually replace the incomplete rings of cartilage in the primary bronchi & finally disappear in the distal bronchioles
Term

7) Branching of the bronchial tree occurs by the following route:

a) Trachea, Primary/Secondary Bronchi, terminal bronchiles, bronchioles

b) Trachea, Primary/Secondary Bronchi, terminal bronchiles, tertiary bronchioles

c) Trachea, Primary/Secondary Bronchi, terminal bronchiles, larynx

d) Trachea, Primary/Secondary Bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles

e) None of the above

 

 

 

Definition
d) Trachea, Primary/Secondary Bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles
Term

8) The respiratory zone is considered:

a) To consist of alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, alveoli and respiratory bronchioles

b) To be the site of gas exchange between air and blood

c) To consist of tissue within the lungs, heart, and thoracis area

d) All of the above

e) Both A and B

Definition
e) Both A and B
Term

9) The superficial layer called _______ lines the wall of the thoracic cavity.

 

Definition
The superficial layer called parietal pleura lines the wall of the thoracic cavity.
Term

10) Between these two pleurae is a small space, the ________ which contains a small amount of lubricating fluid secreted by membranes.

 

 

Definition

Between these two pleurae is a small space, the pleural cavity which contains a small amount of lubricating fluid secreted by membranes.

 

 

 

Term

11) The mediastinal surface of each lung contains a region, the ________, through which bronchi, pulmonary blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves enter and exit.

 

Definition

The mediastinal surface of each lung contains a region, the hilum, through which bronchi, pulmonary blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves enter and exit.

 

 

 

Term

12) The intermediate portion of the pharynx, the __________, lies posterior to the oral cavity and extends from the soft palate.

 

Use the following:

Nasopharynx, Oropharynx Laryngopharynx

 

Definition

The intermediate portion of the pharynx, the Oropharynx, lies posterior to the oral cavity and extends from the soft palate.

 

 

Term

13) The ______ begins at the level of hyoid bone.

 

Use the following:

Nasopharynx, Oropharynx Laryngopharynx

 

Definition
The Laryngopharynx begins at the level of hyoid bone.
Term

14) There are five openings in the _______.

 

 

Definition

14) There are five openings in the Nasopharynx.

 

 

 

Term

15) The _______ is lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.

 

Use the following:

Nasopharynx, Oropharynx Laryngopharynx

 

Definition
The Nasopharynx is lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
Term

16) The _________ and 17) __________ are line with nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

 

Use the following:

Nasopharynx, Oropharynx Laryngopharynx

Definition
16) The Oropharynx and 17) Laryngopharynx are line with nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
Term
18. True (A) or False (B). The oropharynx and the laryngopharynx is botha respiratory and a digestive pathway and is lined by nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
Definition
True (A)
Term

19) What is line I pointing to? figure 1

a) Right secondary bronchus

b) Left Secondary bronchus

c) Right primary bronchus

d) left primary bronchus

e) Carina

 

Definition
e) Carina
Term

20) What is line J pointing to? Figure 1.

a) Right secondary bronchus

b) Left Secondary bronchus

c) Right primary bronchus

d) left primary bronchus

e) Carina

 

Definition
d) left primary bronchus
Term

21) What is line E pointing to ? Figure 1

a) Right secondary bronchus

b) Left Secondary bronchus

c) Right primary bronchus

d) left primary bronchus

e) Carina

 

Definition
a) Right secondary bronchus
Term

22) What is line N pointing to? Figure 1.

a) Right secondary bronchus

b) Left Secondary bronchus

c) Right terminal bronchiole

d) Left terminal bronchiole

e) Carina

 

 

 

 

Definition
d) Left terminal bronchiole
Term

23) This is a structure that results from nervous input from the upper extremities.

a) Lumbar enlargement

b) Filum terminale

c) Cauda equine

d) Spinal nerve 12

e) Cervical enlargment

 

Definition
e) Cervical enlargment
Term

24) Where is the lateral gray horn located? Figure 3.

a) B

b) C

c) D

d) E

e) F

 

Definition
d) E
Term

25) This are is filled with CSF. Figure 3

a) C

b) D

c) E

d) F

e) G

 

Definition
e) G
Term

26) In the human body there are ___ pairs of cervical nerves.

a) 10

b) 12.

c) 14

d) 6

e) 8

 

Definition
e) 8
Term

27) Where is the lateral white column? Fig 3

a) C

b) D

c) G

d) H

e) I

 

Definition
b) D
Term

28) Where is the anterior gray horn? Fig 3

a) B

c) C

c) H

d) I

e) None of the above

 

Definition
c) H
Term
29) True (A) or False (B). Both lungs have an oblique fissure, which extends inferiorly and anteriorly; the left lung also has a horizontal fissure.
Definition
False (B)
Term

30) Which statement(s) inaccurately describes "fast axonal transport".

a) Conveys axoplasma in one direction

b) conveys axoplasma in both directions

c) Moves materials about 1-5mm per day

d) Both A and C

e) None of the above

 

Definition
d) Both A and C
Term

31) These cells are cuboidal to columnar cells arranged in a single layer that possess microvilli and cilia.

a) Schwann cells

b) Satellite cells

c) Ependymal cells

d) All of the above

e) None of the above.

 

Definition
c) Ependymal cells
Term

32) These types of neurogpia produce myelin sheaths.

a) Schwann cells

b) satellite cells

c) Oligodendrocytes

d) Both A and C

e) None of the above

 

Definition
d) Both A and C
Term

33) which statement(s) most likely describes astrocytes:

a) Suppoerts neurons.

b) Maintain an appropriate chemical environment for neuronal signaling.

c) Play a role in learning and memory

d) make contact with blood capillaries, neurons and the pia mater.

e) All of the above

 

Definition
e) All of the above
Term

34) True (A) or False (B). At a chemical synapse, action potentials (impulses) conduct directly between adjacent cells through structures called gap junctions.

 

Definition
False (B)
Term

35) A sequence of events of rapidly occuring events that decrease and reverse the membrane potential and then eventually restore it to the resting state.

a) Summation

b) Graded potential

c) Action potential

d) All of the above

e) Noneof the above

 

Definition
c) Action potential
Term

36) Faster communication and synchronization are two advantages of

a) Chemical synapses

b) Electrical synapses

c) Ligand gated channels

d) voltage gated channels

e) Mechanically gated channels

 

Definition
b) Electrical synapses
Term

37) Which fibers are most likely to exhibit continuous conduction?

a) A fibers

b) B fibers

c) C fibers

d) Both A and B

e) Both A and C

 

Definition
c) C fibers
Term

38) _______ is a cluster of neuronal cell bodies located in the PNS; while ______ is a cluster of neuronal cell bodies located in the CNS.

a) Tract, Nucleus

b) Nucleus, Tract

c) Ganglion, Nucleus

d) Nucleus, Ganglion

e) All of the above

 

 

 

Definition
c) Ganglion, Nucleus
Term

39) The _______ and rootlets contain axons of motor neurons, which conduct impulses from the CNS to effectors (muscles and glands).

a) Posterior (dorsal) root

b) Posterior (dorsal) root ganglion

c) Ventral (anterior) root

d) None of the above

 

Definition
c) Ventral (anterior) root
Term

40) There are ______ pair of thoracic nerves and _______ pair of lumbar nerves.

a) 12; 10

b) 10; 12

c) 12; 5

d) 5; 12

 

Definition
c) 12; 5
Term

41) The PNS includes all of the following except the

a) Cranial nerves

b) Ganglia

c) Sensory receptors in skin

d) Spinal Nerves

e) Spinal Cord

 

Definition
e) Spinal Cord
Term

42) A _______ is a bundle of axon in the PNS and a ______ is considered a bundle of axons that are located in the brain and spinal cord.

a) Tract; Nerve

b) Tract; Nucleus

c) Nerve; Nucleus

d) Nere; Tract

 

Definition
d) Nere; Tract
Term

43) Which satement most accurately describes a sensory "afferent" neuron.

a) Carries information to the CNS

b) Carries info away from the CNS to effectors and glands

c) Located between sensory and efferent neurons

d) None of the above

 

Definition
a) Carries information to the CNS
Term

44) Which part of the diagram is considered nerve fiber? Figure 2.

a) A

b) D

c) H

d) Both A and B

e) All of the above

 

Definition
d) Both A and B
Term

45) This part of the diagram contains organelles and Nissle bodies. Figure 2.

a) A

b) B

c) C

d) E

e) Both A and B

Definition
e) Both A and B
Term

This portion of the diagram contains cytoplasm and a myelin sheath wrapped around neurolemma. Figure 2.

a) C

b) D

c) E

d) F

e) G

 

Definition
c) E
Term

47) In the diagram, where is the axon collateral? Figure 2.

a) C

b) D

c) F

d) H

e) I

 

Definition
a) C
Term

48) In the diagram where are axon terminals? Figure 2.

a) F

b) G

c) H

d) I

e) None of the above

 

Definition
c) H
Term

49) In the diagram where is the synaptic end bulb located? Figure 2.

a) F

b) G

c) H

d) I

 

Definition
d) I
Term

50) Nerve fiber refers to:

a) Axon

b) Dendrites

c) Nissl Body

d) Both A and B

e) All of the above

 

Definition
d) Both A and B
Term

51 to 55

Name the are associated with figure 4.

51. Area D: _______

52. Area H: _______

53. Area E: _______

54. Area F: _______

55. Area I: ________

 

 

 

Definition

51. Area D: Denticulate ligaments

52. Area H: Aracnoid mater

53. Area E: Subarachnoid mater

54. Area F: Subdual space

55. Area I: dura mater

 

Term

56 to 61

Name and describe three ways in which a neurotransmitter can be removed.

Definition

1) diffusion: neurotransmits diffuse away

2) reuptake: neurotranmitter taken back into presynaptic nurons. Prozac is reuptake inhibitor.

3) bind: neurotransmitter binds to postsynaptic neuron

Term

62 to 67

name and describe three factors that affect the speed of propagation.

 

Definition

1) Temperature: hot - speeds up, colder - slows down

2) Diameter: large - faser, smaller - slower

3) Myelinated: faster, unmyelinated - slower

Term

68) The function of this pathway is to convey nerve impulses that orginate in the cerebral cortes and are destined to cause voluntary movements of skeletal muscles.

a) Indirect pathway

b) Direct pathway

c) Lateral pathway

d) Both A and B

e) None of the above

 

Definition
b) Direct pathway
Term

69) The function of this pathway is to convey nerve impulses from the brainstem to cause automatic movements that regulate muscle tone, posture, and balance and orientation of the head and body.

a) Indirect pathway

b) Direct pathway

c) Lateral pathway

d) Both A and B

e) None of the above

 

Definition
a) Indirect pathway
Term

70) Inferior to the lumbar enlargement, the spinal cord terminates as a tapering, conical structure called_________.

a) Filum terminale

b) Lumbar enlargement

c) Cauda equina

d) Conus medullaris

e) None of the above

 

Definition
d) Conus medullaris
Term

71 to 75.

In order, name the components of the reflex arc.

 

Definition

1) Sensory receptor

2) Sensory neuron (afferent)

3) Integrative / interneuron

4) motor neuron (efferent)

5) effector

Term

76 - 79.

Draw and label a presynaptic, postsynaptic neuron, synapse and synaptic vesicles during exocytosis.

Definition
Term

80) Synapses that occur from axon to dendrite are referred to as:

a) axoaxonic

b) axosomatic

c) axodendritic

d) Both A and B

e) None of the above

 

Definition
c) axodendritic
Term

81) An action potential keeps its strength as it spreads along the membrane. This mode of conduction is called ______.

a) Fast traveling

b) leaping

c) Propagation

d) Both A and B

e) None of the above

Definition
?
Term

82. when the spinal cord is viewed externally, two conspicuous enlargements can be see. This superior enlargement supplies nerves to and from the upper limbs.

a) Cervical Enlargement

b) Lumbar Enlargment

c) Conus Meduallaris

d) Both A and B

e) None of the above

Definition
?
Term

83) The paths of communication between the spinal cord and specific regions of the body are referred to as ______.

a) Cerfical Nerves

b) Spinal Nerves

c) Conus Meduallaris

d) Both A and B

e) Lumbar Nerves

 

Definition
b) Spinal Nerves
Term

84) This posterior column region carries information about fine touch, vibrations, and conscious proprioception from the lower part of the body to the brain stem.

a) Cuneate fasciculus

b) Posterior spinocerebellar tract

c) Conus Meduallaris

d) Gracile fasciculus

e) Lumbar Nerves

 

Definition
d) Gracile fasciculus
Term

84) This posterior column region carries information about fine touch, vibrations, and conscious proprioception from the upper part of the body to the brain stem.

a) Cuneate fasciculus

b) Posterior spinocerebellar tract

c) Conus Meduallaris

d) Gracile fasciculus

e) Lumbar Nerves

 

Definition
a) Cuneate fasciculus
Term

86) Which statement most likely describes the correct flow of information?

a) cell body→dendrites→axon terminal→axon

b) cell body→dendrites→axon→axon terminal

c) dendrite →cell body→axon terminal→axon

d)dendrite→cell body→axon→axon terminal

e) All of the above

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Definition

d)dendrite→cell body→axon→axon terminal

 

Term

87) Which axons have the largest diameter?

a) A fibers

b) B fibers

c) C fibers

d) None of the above

 

Definition
a) A fibers
Term

88-92. Draw a transverse section of the spinal cord: label the following areas:

Posterior column

Anterior column

Anterior gray horn

Gracile fasciculus

Cunneate fsciculus

Definition
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