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Terms on Transatlantic World
List of terms for Mr. Kistner's APWH class.
31
History
10th Grade
03/23/2012

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Term
Early Modern Age
Definition

It follows the late Middle Ages

Globalizing character

Colonization of the Americas

World trading of goods (plants, animals, and food crops etc)

Columbian Exchange

Term
Age of Gunpowder Empires
Definition

New, large-scale empire

Relied heavily on firearms

Maintain dominion

Middle Eastern empires

Ottoman Empire

Term
Age of Reconaissance 
Definition

An inspection or exploration of an area

One made to gather military information

The process of obtaining information about the position, activities, resources, etc of an enemy or potential enemy

A preliminary inspection of an area of land before an engineering survey is made

Term
The Great Convergence
Definition

Movement in the price of a futures contract

Toward the price of the underlying cash commodity

Term
The Great Dying
Definition

250 million years ago

Something unknown

Wiped out most life on our plane

Scientists are finding buried clues to the mystery inside tiny capsules of cosmic gas.

Term
Khanates
Definition

Turco-Mongol-originated word used to describe a political entity ruled by a Khan.

This political entity is typical for people from the Eurasian Steppe and it can be equivalent The Turkic peoples are a collection of ethnic groups that live in northern, central and western Asia, northwestern China and parts of eastern Europe.

To tribal chiefdomprincipalitykingdom or even empire.

Term

                     Mongols, Mughals, Tartars

Definition

The Turkic peoples are a collection of ethnic groups that live in northern, central and western Asia, northwestern China and parts of eastern Europe.

They speak languages belonging to the Turkic language family.

Term
Maritime Technologies
Definition

Technologies for the safe use, exploitation, protection of, and intervention in, the marine environment.

 
Term
Trading Companies
Definition

Businesses working with different kinds of products which are sold for consumer

Business or government purposes

Term
Core Nations
Definition

Today, core nations are generally the most developed countries which include the United States, Canada, Australia, Japan.

Core countries do not always stay core permanently. Throughout history, core nations have been changing and new ones have been added to the core list. The most influential countries in the past have been what would be considered core. These were the Asian and Middle Eastern empires in the ages up to the 16th century

Term
Mercantilism
Definition

Economic doctrine in which government control of foreign trade is of paramount importance for ensuring the prosperity and military security of the state. In particular, it demands a positive balance of trade. Mercantilism dominated Western European economic policy and discourse from the 16th to late-18th centuries

Term
Capitalism
Definition

There is no consensus on the definition nor on how the term should be used as a historical category. There is general agreement that capitalism is an economic system that includes private ownership of the means of production, creation of goods or services for profit or income, the accumulation of capital, competitive markets, voluntary exchange, andwage labor.

Term
Nation-State
Definition

Self-identifies as deriving its political legitimacy from serving as a sovereign entity for a nation as a sovereign territorial unit. The state is a political and geopolitical entity; the nation is a cultural and/or ethnic entity. The term "nation state" implies that the two geographically coincide. Nation state formation took place at different times in different parts of the earth but has become the dominant form of state organization.

Term
Absolutism
Definition

A form of government where the monarch has the power to rule their land freely, with no laws or legally organized direct opposition in force.

historiographical term used to describe a form of monarchical power that is unrestrained by any other institutions, such as churches, legislatures, or social elites

Term
Centralization
Definition

The process by which the activities of an organisation, particularly those regarding planning and decision-making, become concentrated within a particular location and/or group.

Term
Westernization
Definition

A process whereby societies come under or adopt Western culture in such matters as industry, technology, law, politics, economics, lifestyle, diet, language, alphabet, religion, philosophy, and/or values.

Term
Commercial Revolution
Definition

Period of European economic expansion, colonialism, andmercantilism which lasted from approximately the 16th century until the early 18th century.

It was succeeded in the mid-18th century by the Industrial Revolution

Term
Joint Stock Compan
Definition

Is a type of corporation or partnership involving two or more individuals that own shares of stock in thecompany. Certificates of ownership ("shares") are issued by the company in return for each financial contribution, and the shareholders are free to transfer their ownership interest at any time by selling their shareholding to others.

Term
European Style Family
Definition

Family in Europe

Term

Scientific Revolution

Definition

Is an era associated primarily with the 16th and 17th centuries during which new ideas and knowledge in physics,astronomy, biology, medicine and chemistrytransformed medieval and ancient views of nature and laid the foundations for modern science.

Term
Parliaments
Definition

A legislature whose power and function are similar to those dictated by the Westminster system of the United Kingdom. More generally, "parliament" may simply refer to a democratic government's legislature

Term
Enlightenment
Definition

Was a cultural movement of intellectuals in 18th century Europe, that sought to mobilize the power of reason, in order to reform society and advance knowledge. It promoted science and intellectual interchange and opposed superstition, intolerance and abuses in church and state

Term
Elite vs. Popular Art
Definition
Different types of art in Europe.
Term
Reformation
Definition

16th-century schismwithin Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants sparked by the 1517 posting of Luther's Ninety-five theses. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to ("protested") the doctrines, rituals, and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led to the creation of new national Protestant churches

Term
Vodun
Definition

Indigenous organised religion of coastal West Africa from Nigeria to Ghana. Vodun is practised by the Ewe, Kabye,Mina and Fon peoples of southeastern Ghana, southern and central Togo, southern and centralBenin and (under a different name) the Yorubaof southwestern Nigeria.

Term
Sikhs
Definition

Is a follower of Sikhism. It primarily originated in the 15th century in the Punjab region of South Asia. The term "Sikh" has its origin in Sanskrit term शिष्य (śiṣya), meaning "disciple, student" or शिक्ष (śikṣa), meaning "instruction" A Sikh is a disciple of the Guru.

Term
Protestants
Definition

Is one of the major groupings within Christianity. It is a movement that began in Germanyin the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation, justification, and ecclesiology

Term
Scientific Revolution
Definition

Era associated primarily with the 16th and 17th centuries during which new ideas and knowledge in physics,astronomy, biology, medicine and chemistrytransformed medieval and ancient views of nature and laid the foundations for modern science.

Term
European Enlightenment
Definition

Was a cultural movement of intellectuals in 18th century Europe, that sought to mobilize the power of reason, in order to reform society and advance knowledge. It promoted science and intellectual interchange and opposed superstition intolerance and abuses in church and state

Term
Secularization
Definition

Transformation of a society from close identification with religious values and institutions toward non-religious (or "irreligious") values and secular institutions. Secularization thesisrefers to the belief that as societies "progress", particularly through modernization and rationalization, religion loses its authority in all aspects of social life and governance

Term
Elite Patronage of Art
Definition

Support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows to another for art

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