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superficial head
superficial head exam 4 info
71
Anatomy
Graduate
08/26/2010

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Term
muscles of facial expression are innervated by:
Definition
cranial nerve VII Facial
Term
muscles of facial expression are derived from the ___ ___ ___.
Definition
second branchial arch
Term
the occipitofrontalis muscle is a differential stroke indicator. Explain.
Definition
with a stroke this muscle still works so can still raise forehead

with bell's palsy this muscle won't work
Term
Bell's Palsy is a ___ ___ ___ lesion. So what will happen:
Definition
lower motor neuron lesion
- entire side of face of the affected side will lose motor function
Term
A stroke is an ___ ___ ___ lesion in the ____ ____, so the ___ ___ is spared since both hemispheres contribute to innervation of forehead, the uninjured side can compensate.
Definition
- upper motor neuron
- premotor cortex
- upper face
Term
orbicularis oculi action:
Definition
- closes eyelid
- weakness can cause eye to dry out causing conjuctivitis or cornea damage
Term
what muscles create the nasolabial folds:
Definition
zygomatic major and minor
Term
what muscle is weakened after a stroke, resulting drooling?
Definition
levator anguli oris m.
Term
The buccinator muscle does what and is classifed as what:
Definition
- keeps food in between teeth for chewing, but considered muscle of facial expression b/c of embryological origin
Term
The buccinator muscle attaches to the __ ___ ___ at the ____ _____.
Definition
- superior pharyngeal constrictor at the pterigomandibular rhappe
Term
muscles of mastication originate from the ___ ____ ___.
Definition
- first branchial arch
Term
mastication muscles are innervated by what?
Definition
- CNV3,trigeminal nerve- mandibular division- motor component
Term
4 main muscles of mastication:
Definition
- masseter
- temporalis
- medial pterygoid
- lateral pterygoid
Term
4 accessory mastication muscles:
Definition
- tensor tympani
- tensor vali palatini
- anterior belly of digastric
- mylohyoid
Term
Temporalis actions:
Definition
- closes jaw
- elevates and retracts jaw
Term
masseter muscle action:
Definition
- closes jaw
- elvates and protudes jaw
Term
lateral pterygoid muscle :
Definition
- opens jaw
- depresses and protudes jaw
Term
medial pterygoid muscle:
Definition
- closes jaw
- elevates and protudes jaw
Term
what is the only muscle of mastification that opens the jaw:
Definition
lateral pterygoid muscle
Term
what muscles of mastification close the jaw:
Definition
- temporalis muscle
- masseter muscle
- medial pterygoid muscle
Term
what is the only muscle of mastification that elevates and retracts the jaw?
Definition
- Temporalis muscle
Term
What muscles of mastification elvate and protude the jaw?
Definition
- masseter
- medial pterygoid
Term
boundaries of neck region:
Definition
mental process of mandible
lower border of the mandible
external occipital protuberance
C7 spinous process
acromion
jugular notch of manubrium
Term
platysma innervation:
Definition
Facial nerve VII
Term
suprahyoid muscles and action:
Definition
- digastric
- mylohyoid
- geniohyoid
- stylohyoid

action: elevate hyoid and larynx during swallowing
Term
Geniohyoid is right under ____.
Definition
mylohyoid
Term
stylohyoid innervated by:
Definition
- facial nerve VII
- posterior digastric nerve
Term
Infrahyoid muscles and actions:
Definition
- thyrohyoid
- omohyoid
- sternothyroid
- thyrohyoid

actions: depress hyoid bone and larynx
Term
sternocleidomastoid action:
Definition
- rotates head to opposite side
- flexes and depresses head to same side
Term
what muscles can cause numbness and tingling in the arm and why?
Definition
- scalenes, b/c if they get tight they clamp down on brachial plexus and cause problems
Term
muscles of the deep neck:
Definition
- anerior scalene
- middle scalene
- posterior scalene
- levator scapulae
Term
Anterior cervical triangle boundaries (ACT triangle):
Definition
- anterior: midline plane
- inferior: anterior border of SCM
- superior: lower border of mandible
Term
There are 2 triangles within the ACT. remember there is one ACT on each side of neck,
Definition
- Submental triangle
borders:
- 2 anterior bellies of digastric
muscle
- hyoid bone body
contents:
- lymph nodes
- small veins that make up anterior
jugular vein
Term
you have __ submental triangle but ___ muscular triangles.
Definition
one submental triangle
two muscular triangles
Term
Muscular triangle borders and contents:
Definition
Borders:
- omohyoid
- sternocleidomastoid
- midline

Contents:
- infrahyoid muscles
- thyroid gland
- parathyroid glands
Term
Submandibular triangle borders and contents:
Definition
- lower border of mandible
- anterior and posterior bellies of digastric

Contents:
- submandibular gland
- CN XII- hypoglossal nerve
- parts of facial artery, vein and nerve to mylohyoid
Term
Carotid triangle borders and contents:
Definition
Borders:
- omohyoid
- SCM
- posterior belly of digastric

Contents;
- common carotid artery
- vagus nerve
- internal jugular vein
Term
you have ___ submandibular triangles and ___ carotid triangles.
Definition
2
2
Term
postserior cervical triangle contents:
Definition
posterior: trapezius
anterior: sternocleidomastoid
inferior: clavicle
Term
there are _ anterior triangles, and _ posterior triangles.
Definition
4
2
Term
Occipital triangle borders and contents:
Definition
Borders:
- trapezius
- sternocleidomastoid
- omohyoid

Contents:
- CNXI Accessory nerve
Term
Omoclavicular triangle aka subclavian triangle:
Definition
borders:
- omohyoid
- SCM
- clavicle

contents:
- external jugular vein
- subclavian artery
Term
there are three pharyngeal constrictors, superior, middle, inferior.
Definition
Term
The common carotid artery splits into ___ carotid and ___ carotid arteries.
Definition
internal
external
Term
the internal carotid artery has __ branches in the neck.
Definition
no
Term
the external carotid artery has __ branches in the neck.
Definition
8
Term
What are the branches of the external carotid artery?
Definition
Some Angry Lady Figured Out PMS. (starting inferiorly and going up)
- superior thyroid artery
- ascending pharyngeal artery
- lingual artery
- Facial artery (last one you can see in lab)
- Occipital artery
- Posterior auricular artery
- Maxillary artery
- Superficial temporal artery
-
Term
the maxillary artery is found in the ____ fossa.
Definition
intertemporal fossa
Term
facial vein is a direct continuation of the ___ vein.
Definition
angular
Term
the internal jugular artery is in the ___ sheath.
Definition
carotid
Term
external jugular artery is on top of ____.
Definition
sternocleidomastoid
Term
anterior branch of retromandibular vein joins up with ___ vein, while the posterior branch of the retromandibular vein joins up with ___ ___ vein.
Definition
- facial vein
- posterior auricle vein
Term
what nerve runs in the carotid sheath?
Definition
- vagus nerve X
Term
is the vagus nerve motor or sensory
Definition
both
Term
Nerves of the neck:
Definition
- Vagus nerve CNX
- Phrenic nerve C3, C4, C5
- Ansa cervicalis
- Great auricular nerve
- Facial nerve CN VII

- Spinal Accessory nerve XI
- Hypoglossal nerve CN XII
Term
phrenic nerve is what nerve roots and what is its function?
Definition
- C3, C4, C5, keep the diaphragm alive
- motor to the diaphragm
Term
where can you see the phrenic nerve?
Definition
running across anterior scalene
Term
Ansa cervicalis nerve roots and function:
Definition
superior root: C1
inferior root: C2, C3

supplies strap muscles
Term
where can you find ansa cervicalis?
Definition
- nerve loop imbedded in or on top of the carotid sheath
Term
function of spinal accessory nerve XI:
Definition
motor to trapezius and sternocleidomastoid
Term
hypoglossal nerve XII:
Definition
motor to the tongue
Term
So if you knock out nerves roots C2 and down, will have to be on ____ b/c:
Definition
- repirator b/c knocked out phrenic nerve which allows for motor function of diaphragm
Term
where can you find great auricular nerve:
Definition
- comes out under SCM and ascends toward the ear
Term
facial nerve function:
Definition
- motor to muscles of facial expression
- supplies salivary glands
Term
Facial nerve branches:
Definition
To Zanzabar By Motor Car Please.
- Temporal
- Zygomatic
- Buccal
- Marginal mandibular
- Cervical
- Post auricular
Term
parotid gland is innervated by:
Definition
- Facial nerve VII
- Glossopharyngeal nerve IX via Auriculotemporal nerve
Term
parotid duct pierces __ muscle and opens opposite ___ ___ ____.
Definition
buccinator
2nd maxillary molar
Term
submandibular salivary gland innervation:
Definition
Facial CN VII
Term
Sublingual salivary duct innervation:
Definition
Facial CN VII
Term
Bell's palsy:
Definition
Idiopathic facial paralysis
CN VII
Hemi-paralysis
Affects muscles of facial expression
Caused by trauma, cold or sometimes viruses
Term
Torticollis
Definition
“Wry neck”
Congenital
Shortening or excessive contraction of scm
Damaged at birth or caused by faulty genes
Acquired
Tumors, antidepressants, problems with C1, C2 joints, infections
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