Term
|
Definition
| what do facial muscles NOT insert on? |
|
|
Term
| bone to skin (their purpose is to move skin over the surface of the bone) |
|
Definition
| most facial muscle connect ___ to ___ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what branchial arch are facial muscles derived from? |
|
|
Term
1) protect the eyes
2) move and shape the mouth
3) move and shape the nostrils
4) move the scalp and ears |
|
Definition
| what are the functions of the muscles of facial expression? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what innervates the muscles of facial expression? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what muscle moves skin between the eyebrows down toward the bridge of the nose? |
|
|
Term
| levator labii superioris alaeque nasi |
|
Definition
| what muscles elevates the upper lip and widens the nostril by elevating the nasal cartilage? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what muscle covers most of the nose and is associated with changing nose shape? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| made up of actually two muscles that insert on the galea sponeurotica |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what muscle wrinkles the skin of the forehead? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what muscle surrounds the orbit and extends to the upper/lower eyelid and closes the eye tight for protection? |
|
|
Term
| circular, like a sphincter |
|
Definition
| what direction are the fibers of orbicularis occuli? |
|
|
Term
ANTERIOR:
1)anterior auricular muscle
2)temporo parietalis
3)auricularis superior
4) auricularis posterior |
|
Definition
| list the muscles that move the ear (in order of anterior to posterior) |
|
|
Term
1) levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
2) levator labii superioris
3) levator anguli oris
4) zygomaticus major
5) zygomaticus minor
6) risorius (kind of) |
|
Definition
| list all of the muscles that elevate the lip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what muscle originates right below orbicularis occuli and elevates the lip? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| which muscles is more lateral? zygomaticus major or minor? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what muscle is deep to zygomaticus minor and levator labii superioris that pulls the corner of the mouth upward? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what muscle helps you smile and spans from the cheek to the corner of the mouth to draw it backwards? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what muscle is inferior to zygomaticus major (IF PRESENT) that retracts the corner of the mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what muscle helps you frown by pulling the corner of the mouth down? (this one spans from the corner of the mouth to the edge of the mandible) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what muscles pulls the corners of the mouth down but spans past the inferior border of the mandbile down into the neck? |
|
|
Term
| depressor labii inferioris |
|
Definition
| this muscle draws the lower lip down to the chin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what muscle moves the skin of the chin over the mandible? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| this muscle is circumferential around the mouth to close it when it contracts? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what muscle forms the wall of the cheek and draws the mouth back from side to side to help maintain a bolus of food between the teeth rows? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what is the most superficial subcutaneous structure in the neck? |
|
|
Term
| deep to it, only cutaneous branches are superficial to it |
|
Definition
| where are the vessels and nerves to the thyroid in relation to the platysma? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what is the action of occipitofrontalis? |
|
|
Term
o: epicranial sponeruosis
i: skin and subcutaneous tissue of the eyebrows and forehead
a: wrinkle forehead, raise eyebrows |
|
Definition
| describe the origin, insertion, and action of occipitofronatlis |
|
|
Term
o:nasal bone, lateral nasal cartilage (upper part)
i: skin of lower forehead between eyebrows
a: pulls medial angle of eyebrows inferiorly producing transverse wrinkles over bridge of nose |
|
Definition
| describe the origin, insertion, and action of procerus |
|
|
Term
o: medial orbital margin, medial palpebral ligament, lacrimal bone
i: skin around margin of orbit, superior and inferior tarsal plates
a: papebral portion gently closes eye, orbital portion tightly closes (winkles) |
|
Definition
| describe the origin, insertion, and action of orbicularis occuli |
|
|
Term
o: maxilla (superior regon of canine ridge
i: nasal cartilages
a: flares nostrils by drawing ala(Side) of nose toward nasal septum |
|
Definition
| describe the origin insertion and action of nasalis |
|
|
Term
o: maxilla(frontal process)
i: ala cartilage of nose and upper lip
a: elevates upper lip and opens nostril |
|
Definition
| describe the origin insertion and action of levator labii superioris alaeque nasi |
|
|
Term
o: temporal fascia
i: helix of the ear
a: pulls ear superiorly and anteriorly |
|
Definition
| describe the origin insertion and action of anterior auricular muscles |
|
|
Term
o: epicranial aponeurosis on side of head
i: upper portion of auricle
a: elevates the ear |
|
Definition
| describe the origin insertion and action of superior auricular muscles |
|
|
Term
o: mastoid process
i: convexity of concha of ear
a: pull ear superior and posterior |
|
Definition
| describe the origin insertion and action of posterior auricular muscles |
|
|
Term
o: zygomatic bone
i: skin at corner of mouth
a: pulls corner of mouth lateral and superior |
|
Definition
| describe the origin insertion and action of zygomaticus major |
|
|
Term
o: zygomatic bone
i: upper lip just medial to the corner of the mouth
a: pulls upper lip superiorly |
|
Definition
| describe the origin insertion and action of zygomaticus minor |
|
|
Term
o: maxilla (frontal process and infraorbital region)
i: skin of upper lip, alar cartilages of nose
a: elevates lip, dilates nostril, raises angle of the mouth |
|
Definition
| describe the origin insertion and action of levator labii superioris |
|
|
Term
o: maxilla (anterior portion of oblique line)
i: skin at corner of the mouth
a: pulls lower lip inferiorly and laterally |
|
Definition
| describe the origin insertion and action of depressor labii inferioris |
|
|
Term
o: maxilla
i: skin at corner of mouth
a: raises angle of mouth, helps form nasolabial furrow |
|
Definition
| describe the origin insertion and action of levator anguli oris |
|
|
Term
o:mandible
i: skin at corner of mouth, blends with orbicularis oris
a: pulls angle of mouth inferiorly and laterally |
|
Definition
| describe the origin insertion and action of depressor anguli oris |
|
|
Term
o: mandible
i: angle of mouth, orbicularis oris
a: presses cheek against molar teeth, working with tongue to keep food between occlusal surfaces and out of oral vestibule, expels air from oral cavity/resists distension when blowing
unilateral-draws mouth to one side |
|
Definition
| describe the origin insertion and action of buccinator |
|
|
Term
o: fascia over masseter
i: skin of corner of mouth
a: retracts corner of mouth as in grimacing |
|
Definition
| describe the origin insertion and action of risorius |
|
|
Term
o: mandible
i: skin of chin
a: elevates and protrudes lower lip |
|
Definition
| describe the origin insertion and action of mentalis |
|
|
Term
o:skin over lower lip and upper lateral rectus
i: mandible
a: depresses and wrinkles skin of lower face and mouth, tenses skin of neck, aids in forced depression of the mandible |
|
Definition
| describe the origin insertion and action of platysma |
|
|
Term
| all carry somatic muscle except the auricular branch which carries somatic sensory too |
|
Definition
| all of the muscles of facial expression are innervated by branches of the facial nerve and carry ________ _______ innervation except for 1 branch, name it |
|
|
Term
(Posterior) Auricular
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal (BRANCH)
Mandibular
Cervical
(potent tender zygotes bump matt's cervix) |
|
Definition
| list the branches of the facial nerve that go to muscles of facial expression |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| name the loop of the facial nerve that tunnels through the parotid gland |
|
|
Term
| occipitalis, posterior/superior auricular muscles, and sensory to external ear, ear canal, and ear drum |
|
Definition
| describe the structures innervated by the auricular nerve |
|
|
Term
1) emerges from under the mandible at ANTERIOR BORDER OF SUPERFICIAL MASSETER
2) passes behind the corner of the mouth and gives off SUPERIOR and INFERIOR LABIAL arteries
3) ends at the medial corner of the eye |
|
Definition
| describe the path of the facial artery and its branches (here it emerges, what it passes over/behind, and where it ends) |
|
|
Term
| superficial temporal artery |
|
Definition
| what supplies blood to the anterior scalp? |
|
|
Term
| 1)transverse facial artery, which may give off the labial artery |
|
Definition
| what are the branches of the superficial temporal artery? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what artery is hidden under muscle that supplies the mid face, side of the nose, lower eyelid, and anastamoses with the transverse facial artery |
|
|
Term
| facial vein (parallel to the facial artery) |
|
Definition
| what is the primary route of venous drainage of the face? |
|
|
Term
| facial vein + anterior division of the retromandibular vein form the common facial which drains to the internal jugular vein |
|
Definition
| what forms the common facial vein and what does this drain to? |
|
|
Term
| NO VALVES, it communicates with veins of the orbit and thus the cavernous sinous |
|
Definition
| does the facial vein have valves? what is it connected to that makes this significant? |
|
|
Term
1) deep to superficial fascia (and its own fascia)
2) anterior to earlobe and TMJ
3) superficial to superficial masseter (the duct wraps around and pierces the oral mucosa)
4) inferior to zygomatic arch |
|
Definition
| describe the location of the parotid gland (what layers is it between?) |
|
|
Term
| above the upper second molar |
|
Definition
| where does the parotid gland duct enter the oral cavity? |
|
|
Term
superior:
1) zygomatic arch
2) transverse facial artery
3) parotid duct
(inferior)
they all run parallel to each other |
|
Definition
| what is the relationship between the zygomatic arch, transverse facial artery and the parotid duct (list them superior to inferior) |
|
|
Term
| the vessels are on the LATERAL surface of superficial masster |
|
Definition
| what side of superficial masseter are the transverse facial artery/vein and parotid duct? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ______ turns medial at the anterior edges of superficial masseter and runs through a space occupied by the buccal fat pad |
|
|
Term
| where it crosses the lower border of the mandible anterior to the superficial masseter insertion |
|
Definition
| where can you feel the pulse of the facial artery? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what gland do the facial artery and vein cross lateral to? |
|
|
Term
| the artery is deeper and more anterior to the vein, for the most part they run in parallel |
|
Definition
| which is more anterior/deeper, the facial artery or vein? |
|
|
Term
| lateral palpebral ligament |
|
Definition
| what ligament is at the corner of the eye external(superficial) to the orbital septum and attaches to the zygomatic bone? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| name the CT plate in the lower eyelid |
|
|
Term
| the vein is straighter, and the artery is more tortuous |
|
Definition
| besides the spacial relationship between the facial artery and vein, how can you tell them apart? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| name the connective tissue that forms the anterior border of the orbit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| name the soft connective tissue tube that collects tears |
|
|
Term
| medial palpebral ligament |
|
Definition
| what ligament is external to the septum and attaches to the maxilla and the lacrimal bone after splitting around the lacrimal sac |
|
|
Term
| levator palpebrae superioris |
|
Definition
| name the most superior extrinsic eye muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| name the space that is located in the angle where the 2 sides of conjunctiva fold over on each other |
|
|
Term
| conjunctiva (palpebral, bulbar, and fornical) |
|
Definition
| name the thing that is on the cornea and goes posterior and up to line the eyelid and lubricates the eye |
|
|
Term
| the superior tarsal muscle(smooth muscle) attaches to the superior tarsus and also to levator palpebrae which is a skeletal muscle |
|
Definition
| on the upper eyelid only there is a muscle that sends a slip of smooth muscle to tarsus, name the muscle, and the muscle it attaches to |
|
|
Term
open: CN III
close: CN VII |
|
Definition
| name the cranial nerve that opens the eye. name the one that closes it. |
|
|
Term
| levator palpebrase sends slips of muscle between the fibers of orbicularis oculi |
|
Definition
| how are the fibers of levator papebrae superioris related to orbicularis oculi? |
|
|
Term
| orbicularis occuli is most external, then levator palpebrae superioris, then the tarsal plate/glands are closest to the eye in the eyelid |
|
Definition
| which is more external, orbicularis occuli, or the tarsal plate and tarsal glands? |
|
|
Term
| blocked ciliary glands for styes, they are found on the edge of the eyelid near the cilia (eye lashes) |
|
Definition
| what gland forms a stye when it is blocked, where is it found? |
|
|
Term
| a chalazion (these form on the inner surface of the lid) |
|
Definition
| what is a blocked meibomian gland called? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a small slip of what muscle goes to the lower eyelid? |
|
|
Term
1) lacrimal gland (Superiolateral in orbit)
2) puncta
3) lacrimal canaliculus
4) lacrimal sac
5) nasolacrimal duct (soft) in nasolacrimal canal(bone
6) inferior nasal meatus below the inferior nasal concha |
|
Definition
| describe the path of tears from their origin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| describe the path of tears across the surface of the eye |
|
|
Term
Periosteum
Loose connective tissues
Aponeurosis and muscle
Connective tissue(Dense)
Skin
note: this is SCALP backwards |
|
Definition
| name the layers of the scalp, deep to superficial |
|
|
Term
| the loose connective tissue layer, it has no borders and infection can spread through it easily |
|
Definition
| what layer of the scalp is the danger space? |
|
|
Term
| the loose connective tissue layer |
|
Definition
| why do scalp movements occur? |
|
|
Term
| SCA (skin, Connective tissue (Dense), aponeurosis-galea aponeurotica) |
|
Definition
| what 3 layers of the scalp are tightly bound to each other? |
|
|
Term
1) supratrochlear(V1)
2) supraorbital (V1)
3) Zygomaticotemporal (V2)
3) auriculotemporal(V3) - in front of ear
4) lesser occipital (ventral C2-C3) - behind the ear
5) greater occipital (dorsal C2)
6) third occipital (dorsal C3)
(NO C1) |
|
Definition
| list the nerves that supply sensation to the scalp from anterior to posterior |
|
|
Term
1) supratrochlear(ICA)
2) supraorbital(ICA)
3) superficial temporal(ECA)
4) posterior auricular(ECA)
5) occipital(ECA) |
|
Definition
| describe the blood supply to the scalp (list the arteries from anterior to posterior) |
|
|
Term
| they help make the head a radiator for heat, but its bad because scalp wounds bleed like crazy |
|
Definition
| what is the purpose of the extensive anastamoses on the scalp? |
|
|
Term
1) the scalp is highly vascularized
2) arteries lie in dense CT and are held open when severed (normally smooth muscle contracts and closes off the arteries) |
|
Definition
| why do scalp wounds bleed profusely? |
|
|
Term
| transverse cuts are worse because they are pulled open by scalp muscles, longitudinal cuts are reduced |
|
Definition
| which direction of cut on a scalp would bleed more severely? transverse or longitudinal? |
|
|
Term
| blood can drain forward into the eye under the aponeurosis (in the loose CT layer) |
|
Definition
| why can black eyes accompany scalp lacerations? |
|
|
Term
| the TMJ and superficial masseter are deep to the gland |
|
Definition
| what is the spacial relationship between the parotid gland, the TMJ and superficial masseter? |
|
|
Term
| a line drawn from the mastoid process to the corner of the mouth |
|
Definition
| what estimates the location of the parotid duct? |
|
|
Term
| the inferior alveolar nerve, artery and vein |
|
Definition
| what nerves/vessels lie between medial pterygoid and the mandibular ramus? |
|
|
Term
| between the ramus of the mandible and sternocleidomastoid |
|
Definition
| where is the constriction in the parotid gland dividing the deep and superficial lobes? |
|
|
Term
1)ECA/superficial temporal artery
2)retromandibular vein |
|
Definition
| what blood vessels run THROUGH the parotid gland? |
|
|
Term
| posterior digastric and stylohyoid |
|
Definition
| what muscles form the deep part(bed) of the parotid gland? |
|
|
Term
1) carotid artery
2) vagus nerve (posterior to the vessels and between them)
3) jugular vein |
|
Definition
| list the crap in the carotid sheath from medial to lateral |
|
|
Term
1) internal jugular vein
2) carotid artery
3) CN X
4) CN XI
5) CN XII |
|
Definition
| list all the structures that pass DEEP to posterior digastric and stylohyoid in the bed of the parotid gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what muscle splits the teondon of posterior digastric because they lie in the same plane? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what hole does V3 pop out of? |
|
|
Term
1) auriculotemporal
2) nerve to muscle of masticaiton
3) buccal n
4) lingual n
5) inferior alveolar (Which gives off the next 2)
6) nerve to mylohyoid
7) mental nerve |
|
Definition
| list the branches of V3 after the foramen ovale |
|
|
Term
| sensory (motor is from facial) |
|
Definition
| what innervation does the buccal nerve of V3 carry? |
|
|
Term
| inferior alveolar (motor to mylohyoid, the rest of the branches are all sensory) |
|
Definition
| what is the only mixed nerve off V3? |
|
|
Term
| superficial temporal artery & the maxillary |
|
Definition
| what arteries does the ECA split into right behind the mandible? |
|
|
Term
1) deep auricular
2) anterior tympanic
3) middle meningeal
4) accessory meningeal
5) inferior alveolar
6) deep temporal arteries
7) buccal artery
8) sphenopalatine
9) descending palatine artery
10) posterior superior alveolar artery
11) infraorbital artery |
|
Definition
| list the branches of the maxillary artery in order they come off |
|
|
Term
1) where it branches from ECA to the inferior head of lateral pterygoid
2) where it overlies lateral pterygoid
3) where it crosses the pterygomaxillary fissure |
|
Definition
| what are the 3 divisions of the maxillary artery? |
|
|
Term
1) deep auricular
2) anterior tympanic artery
3) middle meningeal
4) accessory meningeal
5) inferior alveolar |
|
Definition
| what branches off of the maxillary artery in its first section (ECA to lateral pterygoid)? |
|
|
Term
1) deep temporal arteries
2) buccal artery |
|
Definition
| what branches off the maxillary artery in its second section (where it overlies lateral pterygoid)? |
|
|
Term
1) sphenopalatine(goes into fissure)
2) descending palatine artery (into fissure)
3) posterior superior alveolar
4) infraorbital |
|
Definition
| what branches off of the maxillary artery as it crosses the pterygomaxillary fissure? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| name the branch of the maxillary artery that goes to the middle ear inside the tympanic membrane |
|
|
Term
| accessory meningeal artery |
|
Definition
| name the branch of the maxillary artery that goes through the foramen ovale with V3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what branch of the maxillary artery sends a superficial branch to the external ear on the deep surface of the cartilage & supplies the tympanic membrane and the skin lining the canal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what nerve runs with the superficial temporal artery? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what branch of the maxillary artery is subject to injury when the side of the head is hit, supplies neurcranial bone and dura, and goes through the foramen spinosum then to the auriculotemporal nerve and back? |
|
|
Term
| the inferior alveolar artery |
|
Definition
| what is the biggest branch off the first segment of the maxillary artery that supplies blood to the lower teeth, chin, and lower lip? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what branch of the maxillary artery follows the same named nerve to the corner of the mouth? |
|
|
Term
| descending palatine artery |
|
Definition
| what branch of the maxillary artery supplies blood to the oral mucosa in the roof of the mouth and splits at the palatine foramina |
|
|
Term
| posterior superior alveolar |
|
Definition
| what branch of the maxillary artery supplies molars 1-3? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what branch of the maxillary artery supplies the area of the same named nerve and has branches such as: palpebral, lateral nasal, and labial |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what nerve runs with the sphenopalatine artery? |
|
|
Term
| sphenopalatine artery aka artery of epistaxis |
|
Definition
| what branch of the maxillary artery goes through the sphenopalatine foramen to the nasal cavity to supply the septum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what branch of the maxillary artery goes to temporalis between the temporalis muscle and the skull? |
|
|
Term
| in the mandibular foramen, then by the first premolar, out the mental forament |
|
Definition
| what foramen does the inferior alveolar nerve travel through? |
|
|
Term
| medial pterygoid, the artery is DEEP to the muscle, the nerve is superficial and runs with a branch of the inferior alveolar |
|
Definition
| what muscle separates the lingual artery and lingual nerve? which is on the deep side? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what nerve lies deep to V3 nerves as they come out the foramen ovale? |
|
|
Term
1) cavernous sinus which drains to the
2) pterygoid plexus to the
3) internal jugular |
|
Definition
| describe the path of drainage of the inferior opthalmic vein |
|
|
Term
| from the pterygoid plexus to the anterior division of the retromandibular vein |
|
Definition
| where does the maxillary vein drain? |
|
|
Term
| the needle goes through the infratemporal fossa which contains the pterygoid plexus of veins |
|
Definition
| why can you get a hematoma when you anesthetize the lingual nerve for dental surgery? |
|
|
Term
| the auroculotemporal off V3 (sensory to parotid gland, glossopharyngeal follows this and doe para to the parotid) |
|
Definition
| what nerve is pierced by the middle meningeal artery? |
|
|
