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Definition
| A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions |
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| Who was involved with the Enlightenment? |
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Definition
| Greek Philosophers - Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Enlightenment Thinkers- Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Voltaire, Baron de Montesquieu, Jean-Jacques Rousseau |
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| What was the Enlighenment about? |
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| Is an intellectual movement during the 1600s and 1700s, and is the use of reason and scientific method which is applied to human behavior |
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| When did the Enlightenment take place? |
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| Where did the Enlightenment take place? |
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| Why did the Enlightenment occur? |
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Enlightenment thinkers questioned traditional government of Monarchy and believed that power should come from the consent of the people |
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| Who is one of the 3 Greek Philosophers & what is he known for? (concepts & writings) |
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Definition
Socrates & Socratic Method (the question and answer approach) taught Plato |
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Who is one of the 3 Greek Philosophers & what is he known for? (concepts & writings) |
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Plato & The Republic (about the perfectly governed society by Philosopher-Kings) & taught Aristotle |
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Who is one of the 3 Greek Philosophers & what is he known for? (concepts & writings) |
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Definition
Aristotle & known for the Western Philosophy in his writings & taught the macedonian king’s son Alexander & wrote “Man is by Nature a Political animal; it is his nature to live in a state” (looked at human belief/nature and used thought/knowledge) |
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| Who is one of the 5 main Enlightenment Thinkers & what is he most-known for (writings, views on people, government)? |
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Thomas Hobbes & wrote Leviathan & known for social contract (people hand over rights to powerful leader for law and order) & believed that instead of monarchy, the government should come from the consent of the governed & believed only absolute sovereignty would resolve the problems caused by selfishness of human beings |
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| Who is one of the 5 main Enlightenment Thinkers & what is he most-known for (writings, views on people, government)? |
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John Locke & Wrote Two Treatises of Government (Political Philosophy) & believes people are born free with natural rights (freedom of life liberty and property and if government does not protect these rights then the people have the power to replace it) & people are reasonable and moral |
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| Who is one of the 5 main Enlightenment Thinkers & what is he most-known for (writings, views on people, government)? |
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Definition
Voltaire & used satire to argue against opponents, wit got him exiled from England, defender of freedom of speech, religion, tolerance, and reason |
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| Who is one of the 5 main Enlightenment Thinkers & what is he most-known for (writings, views on people, government)? |
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Definition
Baron de Montesquieu & wrote On the Spirit of Laws & studied Political liberty as a natural right & believed government is best controlled and liberty protected when power is divided (separation of power) & thought government worked better with Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Branches |
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| Who is one of the 5 main Enlightenment Thinkers & what is he most-known for (writings, views on people, government)? |
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Definition
Jean-Jacques Rousseau & Emile, On Social Contract & believes injustice/inequality is caused by defective Political System & best form of government is with a civil society voluntarily forms by the citizens and wholly governed by reference to the general will expressed in their unanimous consent to authority & believed people in natural state are generally good, but corrupted by society |
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| What was the Scientific Revolution? |
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Definition
After Intellectual Revolution, advancements in science (biology, astronomy, physics, chemistry) and mathematics. |
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