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Study Guide 2 Vocabulary
Study Guide 2 Vocabulary
15
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
02/04/2013

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Term
Diploblastic
Definition
Having body derived from only two embryonic cell layers (ectoderm; endoderm)
Term
Triploblastic Animals
Definition
3 layers (ectoderm; mesoderm; endoderm); bilaterally symmetrical (bilateria). e.g. annelids, molluscs, starfish, vertebrates
Term
Coelom
Definition
Body cavity in Metazoans (all animals except protozoans and sponges), between the intestinal canal and body wall
Term
Ectoderm
Definition

Outer layer of triploblastic animals; includes:

- Epidermis

- Nervous System

-Lining of mouth and anus

Term
Mesoderm
Definition

Middle layer of triploblasts; includes:

-Muscle

-Bones

-Heart

-Kidneys

Term
Endoderm
Definition

Inner layer of triploblasts; includes:

-Lining of gut, and organs that develope from it (e.g. lungs; liver)

Term
Protostomes
Definition
Mouth develops first/as primary embryonic opening.
Term
Deuterostomes
Definition
Mouth forms second, after anus (e.g. Hemichordatal Echinodermata; Vertebrata)
Term
Paedomorphosis
Definition

Retention of juvenile characteristics into the reproductive stage.


 

-Progenesis: Early sexual maturation; sexual maturation in otherwise immature individual

-Neoteny: Delayed somatic changes; mature animals that retain juvenile traits

 

Term
Enterocoelic
Definition
In enterocoely, a mesoderm is formed in a developing embryo, in which the coelom forms from pouches "pinched" off of the digestive tract (also known as the embryonic gut, or archenteron). This type of coelom formation occurs in deuterostome animals, which for this reason are also known as enterocoelomates.
Term
Schizocoelic
Definition
Schizocoely (adjective forms: schizocoelous or schizocoelic) is a process by which some animal embryos develop. Animals which develop through schizocoely are known as schizocoelomates. Schizocoely occurs when a coelom (body cavity) is formed by splitting the mesodermal embryonic tissue.
Term
Heterochrony
Definition

A genetic shift in the timing of development of a body part relative to the ancestral condition.


May involve different growth rates between reproductive organs and rest of body.

Term
Vertebra
Definition
Segmentally arranged skeletal elements forming the vertebral column of Vertebrata
Term
Neural Arch
Definition
Portion of a vertebra covering the spinal cord.
Term
Hemal Arch
Definition
Vertebral enclosure of the caudal artery and vein.
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