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Structure of Human Skeleton and Muscles
Muscular Skeletal
46
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
02/08/2013

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Cards

Term
Functions of the Skeleton
Definition
1. Support entire body structure
2. Protection of vital organs
3. Leverage of position movement
4. Storage unit for calcium, phosphorous, and fat
5. Blood Cell Production from stem cells in bone marrow
Term
Long bones
Definition
Found in leg and arms, longer than it is wider. Also good for the production of bone marrow.
Term
Short bones
Definition
They are as long as they are wide. Found in the hands and feet ex. carpals and tarsals
Term
Flat bones
Definition
Extremely thin,tend to be broad. Ex. Skull and Sternum
Term
Irregular bones
Definition
Everything else, ex.Vertebrae
Term
Diaphysis vs. Epiphysis
Definition
Diaphysis is the central shaft of long bones it is the site for marrow formation (marrow cavity). Epiphyses are the extended ends of the long bone. Articular cartilage tends to cover the ends on the epiphysis.
Term
Marrow
Definition
Red- Primarily responsible for blood formation.
Yellow- Fatty tissue formation.
Younger adults will have more red than yellow but that changes when we become adults.
In emergencies, yellow marrow can convert to red marrow.
Term
Compact vs. Spongy Bone
Definition
Compact - solid, forms the diaphysis, and covers the epiphyses
Spongy- porous, allows storage of blood tissue, lightens the weight of bone, found in the diaphysis.
Term
Osteocytes
Definition
Embedded in matrix, responsible for maintain the density and the composition of the bone tissue.Removing and replacing calcium. Main population of cells in adults.
Term
Osteoblasts
Definition
Immature bone cells that will become osteocytes. They are the bone builders (osteogenisis). They produce the bony matrix, once they have, they become osteocytes.
Term
Osteoclasts
Definition
Break down bone which essential to bone growth & repair. They remove the bony matrix, which allows for resorption.
Term
Bone Tissue
Definition
Specialized, they interconnect with cartilage. Periosteum , endostium lines the inner cavity of the diaphysis. Critical to bone growth and repair. Osteocytes located in lacunae, inbetween the units are osteons, they communicate through blood vessels. Central canal runs through the basic bone unit of osteon. Spongy bone has no osteon.
Term
Bone Growth
Definition
Term
Bone Maintenance
Definition
Term
Effects of Aging
Definition
Term
Articulations
Definition
Term
Extensions & Projections
Definition
Term
Depressions
Definition
Term
Passages
Definition
Term
Skull
Definition
Term
Vertebral Column
Definition
Term
Thoracic Cage
Definition
Term
Pectoral Girdle
Definition
Term
Upper Limb
Definition
Term
Pelvic Girdle
Definition
Term
Lower Limb
Definition
Term
Types of Joints
Definition
Term
Actions of Movable Joints
Definition
Term
Shapes of Movable Joints
Definition
Term
Functions of Muscle
Definition
Term
Structure of Muscle Fibers
Definition
Term
Nerve Cell-Muscle Cell Link
Definition
Term
Muscle Fiber Contraction
Definition
Term
Nerves & Muscles Work Together
Definition
Term
Muscles & Bones Work Together
Definition
Term
Muscle Exercise
Definition
Term
Muscle Fatigue, Recovery, & Atrophy
Definition
Term
Axial Muscles
Definition
Term
Appendicular Muscles
Definition
Term
Terminology
Definition
Term
Aging & Muscles
Definition
Term
Sprains & Strains
Definition
Term
Tendinitis & Burstitis
Definition
Term
Muscle Strain
Definition
Term
Myoglobinuria
Definition
Term
Epicondylitis
Definition
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