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| Functions of the Skeleton |
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1. Support entire body structure
2. Protection of vital organs
3. Leverage of position movement
4. Storage unit for calcium, phosphorous, and fat
5. Blood Cell Production from stem cells in bone marrow |
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| Found in leg and arms, longer than it is wider. Also good for the production of bone marrow. |
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| They are as long as they are wide. Found in the hands and feet ex. carpals and tarsals |
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| Extremely thin,tend to be broad. Ex. Skull and Sternum |
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| Everything else, ex.Vertebrae |
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| Diaphysis is the central shaft of long bones it is the site for marrow formation (marrow cavity). Epiphyses are the extended ends of the long bone. Articular cartilage tends to cover the ends on the epiphysis. |
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Red- Primarily responsible for blood formation.
Yellow- Fatty tissue formation.
Younger adults will have more red than yellow but that changes when we become adults.
In emergencies, yellow marrow can convert to red marrow. |
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Compact - solid, forms the diaphysis, and covers the epiphyses
Spongy- porous, allows storage of blood tissue, lightens the weight of bone, found in the diaphysis. |
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| Embedded in matrix, responsible for maintain the density and the composition of the bone tissue.Removing and replacing calcium. Main population of cells in adults. |
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| Immature bone cells that will become osteocytes. They are the bone builders (osteogenisis). They produce the bony matrix, once they have, they become osteocytes. |
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| Break down bone which essential to bone growth & repair. They remove the bony matrix, which allows for resorption. |
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| Specialized, they interconnect with cartilage. Periosteum , endostium lines the inner cavity of the diaphysis. Critical to bone growth and repair. Osteocytes located in lacunae, inbetween the units are osteons, they communicate through blood vessels. Central canal runs through the basic bone unit of osteon. Spongy bone has no osteon. |
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| Actions of Movable Joints |
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| Structure of Muscle Fibers |
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| Nerve Cell-Muscle Cell Link |
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| Nerves & Muscles Work Together |
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| Muscles & Bones Work Together |
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| Muscle Fatigue, Recovery, & Atrophy |
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