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Structure and Function Ch. 1, 3, 4
Cells, Tissues, Organ Systems
124
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
06/14/2013

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Term
Reproductive System Functions
Definition
Survival of Genes
Production of Gametes
Production of Sex Hormones
Offspring
Term
Lysosome
Definition
The Cells Digestive System
Term
Integumentary System Functions
Definition
Protection
Body Temperature
Sensory organ
Synthesis of Chemicals
Term
Male Reproductive System Organs
Definition
Gonads- Testes
Vas Deferens
Urethra

Scrotum
Penis
Term
Diffusion
Definition
Movement of particles through a membrane down a concentration gradient
Term
3 Main Types of Passive Transport
Definition
Diffusion, Osmosis, Filtration
Term
Tarsal
Definition
Ankle
Term
Primary Organs of the Nervous System
Definition
Brain, Spinal Cord, Nerves
Term
Respiratory System Organs
Definition
Nose, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs
Term
Dna is made of these 3 units
Definition
Sugar
Phosphate
Nitrogenous Base
Term
Integumentary System Organs
Definition
Skin
Hair
Nails
Oil Glands
Sweat Glands
Sensory Receptors
Term
Cardiovascular System Organs
Definition
Heart
Blood Vessels
Term
Digestive System Accessory Organs
Definition
Liver
Gall Bladder
Pancreas
Appendix
Teeth
Tongue
Salivary Glands
Term
How many chromosomes in each body cell?
Definition
46
Term
Receives and transports synthesized proteins
Definition
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Term
Synthesizes Proteins
Definition
Ribosomes
Term
7 Different Kinds of Connective Tissue
Definition
apple a day brings cheer, bliss, and happiness

adipose, areolar, dense fibrous, bone, cartilage, hematopoietic
Term
11 organ systems of the body
Definition
NURSED CLIMR
Nervous
Urinary
Respiratory
Skeletal
Endocrine
Digestive
Cardiovascular
Lymphatic
Integumentary
Muscular
Reproductive
Term
Make Heredity Possible
Definition
Chromosomes
Term
BUN
Definition
10-20
Term
4 Types of Tissues
Definition
Epithelial
Connective
Nervous
Muscle
Term
Tissue that covers the body and many of its parts, lines various parts of the body, with cells that are packed closely, subdivided
Definition
Epethelial tissue
Term
Throat
Definition
Pharynx
Term
Windpipe
Definition
Trachea
Term
Below
Definition
Hypo
Term
Tiny Organs of the Cell
Definition
Organelles
Term
Group of organs arrange in such a way that they can together perform a more complex function
Definition
System
Term
Vocal Box
Definition
Larynx
(la-la-la-larynx)
Term
QUADRANTS
Definition
Upper Left/Right Quadrants
Lower Left/Right Quadrants

REMEMBER it is the PATIENT'S Left/Right!!!
Term
Nuclear Envelope/nucleolus appear, Cytoplasm/organelles divide equally, two daughter cells are formed
Definition
telophase
Term
Dilute salt water solution which bathes every cell
Definition
Interstitial Fluid
Term
Centromeres break apart, chromosomes move away from the center of the cell; cleavage furrow appears
Definition
Anaphase
Term
Spindle fibers attach to each chromatid; chromosomes align across the center of the cell
Definition
Metaphase

(Middle-phase)
Term
Palm
Definition
Palmar
Term
Wrist
Definition
Carpal

(Carpal Tunnel)
Term
Elbow
Definition
Cubital
Term
Primary 2 Passive Transports
Definition
Diffusion, Filtration
Term
Movement of water and small particles through a membrane from high pressure to low pressure
Definition
Filtration
Term
Above
Definition
Hyper
Term
Towards the feet
Definition
Inferior
Term
Towards the Head
Definition
Superior
Term
Structure made up of 2 or more tissues that can perform a complex function
Definition
Organ
Term
movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane down a concentration gradient
Definition
osmosis
Term
primary organs of skeletal system
Definition
bones and joints
Term
primary organs of the muscular system
Definition
muscles
Term
main organs of the lymphatic system
Definition
thymus
lymphnodes
lymph vessels
tonsils
spleen
Term
Main organs of digestive system (8)
Definition
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, rectum, anal canal
Term
9 Regions of Adominopelvic Region
Definition
left/Right Hypochondriac
Epigastric
left/right Lumbar
Umbilical
Left/right iliac
hypogastric
Term
Main organs of the urinary system
Definition
kidneys, urethra, bladder, adrenals,
Term
Play an essential role in the formation of ribosomes
Definition
Nucleolus
Term
dictates protein synthesis, controls every organelle in cytoplasm, controls reproduction
Definition
nucleus
Term
tissue involved in rapid communication between body structures and control of body functions
Definition
nervous
Term
2 main body cavities
Definition
dorsal and ventral
Term
plane dividing superior and inferior
Definition
transverse
Term
tissue that specializes in movement and has a high degree of contratility
Definition
muscle
Term
Respiratory System Functions
Definition
Exchange of Gases
Humidifying air
filtering air
Acid/Base Balance
Term
buttock
Definition
gluteal
Term
Functions of the Skeletal System
Definition
Structure
Movement
Blood Cell Formation
Mineral Storage
Term
Cardiovascular System Function
Definition
Transportation
Immunity
Regulation of Body Temp.
Term
_____ portion of the body consists of the upper and lower extremities
Definition
appendicular
Term
back of the knee
Definition
popliteal
Term
force/weight of a fluid pushing against a surface
Definition
hydrostatic pressure
Term
functions of the muscular system
Definition
movement
posture
produces heat
bowel movements
heart beat
Term
chromosomes are visible, spindle fibers begin to appear, nuclolus and nuclear envelope disappear
Definition
prophase
Term
used to incorporate fluids into the cell by trapping them in the plasma membrane
Definition
pinocytosis
Term
permits cell to engulf and "eat" foreign material
Definition
phagocytosis
Term
period of cell division when dna replicates itself
Definition
interphase
Term
lack of blood flow to an area, therefore, no oxygen or nutrients to the tissue, which if not corrected, results in necrosis, or tissue death
Definition
Ischemia
Term
main organs of the endocrine system
Definition
Pituitary gland, ovaries, testes, pancreas, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid, hypothalamus, pineal, adrenals
Term
Urinary system functions
Definition
cleanses blood, electorlyte balance, water balance, acid/base balance
Term
tail-like extension of the cell that propels it thru fluids
Definition
flagella
Term
foot
Definition
pedal
Term
most abundant and widely distributed tissue in the body
Definition
Connective
Term
lymphatic system functions
Definition
immunity, transportation
Term
plane dividing anterior and posterior
Definition
frontal/ coronal plane
Term
steps of cell division
Definition
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
Term
Creatinine
Definition
.6-1.6
Term
organs of the female reproductive system
Definition
ovaries, vulva, fallopian tubes, uterus, mammary glands, vagina
Term
functions of the nervous system
Definition
communication, integration, control, recognition of sensory stimuli
Term
endocrine system functions
Definition
hormone secretion, (rest is same as nervous)
Term
uphill movement of a substance through a membrane, up a concentration gradient
Definition
active transport
Term
sole of foot
Definition
plantar
Term
_____ portion of the body consists of the head, neck, and torso
Definition
axial
Term
2 body regions
Definition
axial and appendicular
Term
cells "powerhouse"
Definition
mitochondria
Term
solutes move across a permeable membrane down a concentration gradient
Definition
dialysis
Term
synthesizes lipids and certain carbohydrates
Definition
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Term
Digestive system functions
Definition
digestion, absorption, elimination
Term
when cell divides into 2 daughter cells with the same genetic material as the original cell
Definition
mitosis
Term
move substances over the surface of the cell
Definition
cilia
Term
protein structure in the membrane called a carrier
Definition
ion pumps
Term
function in cell reproduction
Definition
centrioles
Term
ph of blood
Definition
7.35-7.45
Term
down a concentration gradient
Definition
passive transport
Term
terms when NOT in anatomical position
Definition
supine (on back)
prone (on stomach)
Term
threadlike structures in the nucleus made of proteins and hereditary molecules
Definition
chromatin granules
Term
anatomical position
Definition
standing erect, arms at sides, palms up, feet forward
Term
away from the midline of the body
Definition
lateral
Term
away from the point of origin of one of the body's parts
Definition
distal
Term
structural levels of organization
Definition
chemical level, cells, tissues, membranes, organs, systems
Term
forms the outer boundary of the cell
Definition
plasma membrane
Term
nearest the point of origin of one of the body's parts
Definition
proximal
Term
away from the surface of the body
Definition
deep
Term
"living" matter of cells
Definition
cytoplasm
Term
towards the surface of the body
Definition
superficial
Term
atp synthesis
Definition
mitochondria
Term
body sections (planes)
Definition
sagittal, midsagital, transverse, frontal
Term
towards the midline of the body
Definition
medial
Term
begins after young adulthood
Definition
diminishing efficiency
Term
changing DNA into a protein
Definition
Translation
Term
reached during young adulthood
Definition
peak efficiency
Term
specific segment of base pairs
Definition
gene
Term
_____depends on the maintenence or restoration of homeostasis
Definition
survival
Term
basic type of control system
Definition
feedback loop
Term
relative consistency of the body's internal environment
Definition
homeostasis
Term
lengthwise plane going straight down the center of the body/part and seperates into EQUAL left and right sides
Definition
midsagittal plane
Term
lengthwise plane running from front to back, dividing the body/part into right and left
Definition
sagittal
Term
3 main arrangements of cells in tissues
Definition
simple, stratified, pseudostratified
Term
4 shapes of epithelial tissue cells
Definition
squamous, cuboidal, columnar, transitional
Term
serves as a gateway to cell, communication device, and identifies the cell via tissue typing
Definition
plasma membrane
Term
plasma membrane made of 2 layers of these two fat molectules
Definition
phospholipids, cholesterol
Term
replication of dna
Definition
transcription
Term
towards the back
Definition
posterior
Term
towards the front
Definition
anterior
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