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Stomach
Describing the anatomy of the stomach
19
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
02/21/2008

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Term
What do u know about stomach?
Definition
- it is situated in the left hypocondriac region.
- in the epigastric region.
- roughly J shaped.
- entirely covered by serosa.
- its function is to store food and make chyme.
Term
what are the general features about stomach?
Definition
- has 2 surfaces; anterior and posterior.
- has 2 curvatures; greater and lesser.
- has 2 orifice; cardiac orifice and pyloric orifice.
- has 2 notch; cardiac notch and angular notch
Term
what are the parts of the stomach?
Definition
the parts of the stomach are:
-the cardia
-the fundus
-the body
-the pyloric part, consisting of pyloric antrum and pyloric canal.
Term
what are the important relations of the stomach?
Definition
anterior relation:
-abdominal wall, the diaphragm, the left lobe of the liver.

posterior relation: the omental bursa, spleen, left kidney, pancreas.

superior relation: the left dome of the diaphragm.
Term
what are the 3 general segments of the GIT?
Definition
-foregut: lower 3rd of esophagus until 2nd part of duodenum.

-midgut: lower part of duodenum until distal mesocolon.

-hindgut: distal third of the transverse colon until the anal canal.
Term
what are the blood supplies of the GIT?
Definition
foregut-celiac artery

midgut-superior mesentric artery

hindgut-inferior mesentric artery
Term
what are the blood supplies of the stomach and their origin?
Definition
the left gastric artery: from the celiac artery

the right gastric artery: from the hepatic artery.

left gastro-omental artery: from spleenic artery

right gastro-omental artery: from gastroduoduodenal artery.

short gastric artery: spleenic artery
Term
what are the blood drainage of the stomach?
Definition
left gastric vein: portal vein

right gastric vein:portal vein

right gastro-ormental vein: superior mesentric vein

left gastro-omental vein:spleenic vein

short gastric vein: spleenic vein
Term
what are the nerve supply for stomach?
Definition
sympathetic nerve supply from T6 to T9 segments of spinal cord, to form the celiac plexus via splanchnic nerves.

parasympathetic nerve, form ant and post trunk of vagus nerve.
Term
narrate about the lymphatic drainage of the stomach.
Definition
-the lymphatic drainage for both sufaces
-lymph nodes at the lesser and greater curvatures.
-lesser curvature's: gastric nodes.
-greater curvature's: gastr-omental nodes
-the both will drain into the celiac nodes.
Term
what are the components of large intestines?
Definition
1. vermiform appendices + caecum

2. colon

3. rectum

4. anal canal.
Term
general features of LI?
Definition
-1.5 to 1.8 length.

-has 2 flexures: right (hepatic) flexures, left (spleenic) flexures.
Term
what are the differences of large intestine from small instestine?
Definition
-larger diameter.

-hv 3 bands of taenia coli.

-has haustra

-appendices epiploicae.
Term
how many layers of LI? what are the layers?
Definition
1. mucosa: simple columnar epithelium-form plicae circularis, LP-contain bv,glands,lymphatic tissue.

2. muscularis mucosa: IC, OL -both are free of pristaltic movement.

3. submucosa: dense irregular CT - hs bv, lymphatic vessels. meissner's plexus.

4. muscularis externa: IC-thicken form sphincter, OL-thicken form taenia coli.

5. adventitia/serosa: simple squamous epithelium-depends on presence of peritoneum.
Term
what are the branches of the SMA?
Definition
1. inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery.

2. intestinal artery.

3. ileocolic artery.

4. right colic artery.

5. middle colic artery.
Term
describe the caecum.
Definition
- the 1st part of large intestine.

-start at the ileocaecal junction.

-intraperitoneal

-no mesentry

-supply: ileocolic a.

-ileocaecal valve: opening of ileum into asc colon.
Term
describe the vermiform appendix.
Definition
-6-7 cm

-blind-ended sacculation.

-arise from:posteromedial surface of caecum, 2-3 cm below ileocaecal orifice.

-base of appendix located: McBurney's point.

-supply: appendicular a.
Term
parts of colon?
Definition
1.asc
2.tranverse
3.desc
4.sigmoid
Term
describe ascending colon?
Definition
-the relations:
anterior-greater omentum.
posterior-muscles of posterior abd wall.
lateral-right paracolic gutter.

-right colic flexure orientation: forward, to left.

-blood supply: ileocaecal a.(supply asc colon) and right colic a.(supply right colic flexure)

nerve: sympa-t10 till L@
para-vagus
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