Term
| Why are so many people infected with herpes and don't know it? |
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Definition
| Mild symptoms, not in current outbreak, genital herpes from someone with who had oral herpes and gave oral sex. |
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Term
| What happens when people are infected with HPV? |
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Definition
| Genital warts. Can cause cervical cell changes that lead to cervical cancer. Anal and penile cancer in men [rare] |
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Term
| Do genital warts develop into cancer? |
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Definition
| Warts are caused by low risk strains of HPV. High risk strains cause cancer. Plus, the warts themselves wouldn't turn into cancer, cell changes in the cervix do. |
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Term
| How are Herpes and HPV different/similar |
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Definition
| Herpes is a sore, HPV is a fleshy wart. Herpes is transmitted skin-to-skin and oral-genital and genital-genital. HPV is transmitted skin-skin or genital-genital. NEITHER IS CURABLE. HPV can cause cancer, herpes does not cause serious problems |
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Term
| What do the testis produce? |
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Definition
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Term
| Seminferous tubules do what? |
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Definition
| produce hormones and make the sperm in the testis |
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Term
| How many sperm are made a day? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens in the epididymus? |
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Definition
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Term
| Signs of testicular cancer? |
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Definition
| Small, painless bump in testis. pain, swelling or hardness in testis. dragging or heavy sensation, dull ache |
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Term
| What does the seminal vesicle produce |
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Definition
| Sugary fluid that gives sperm energy - alkaline |
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Term
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Definition
| Seminal vesicle fluid, cowpers gland fluid, prostate gland fluid, sperm |
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Term
| Why is uncircumsised bad? |
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Definition
| Higher risk [and incidence] of transmitting and receiving and STD because organisms are harbored behind the foreskin |
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Term
| What does a vasectomy do? What does it affect? |
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Definition
| Cuts the vas deferns so sperm can come out in ejaculate. Does not affect testosterone or sex drive |
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Term
| Where are the most breast cancer sites? |
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Definition
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Term
| Symptoms of ovarian cancer |
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Definition
| bloating, pelivic pain, difficult eating or feeling full fast, urinary problems |
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Term
| Explain the menstrual cycle |
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Definition
Day 1 is her period. the hormone levels are down which triggers it. lasts 5 days.
After produce FSH and LH then ovulates at day 14.
progesterone peaks a few days later to make a cervical plug.
then her hormone levels drop if she's not pregnant at day 28 and back to day 1. |
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Term
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Definition
Follical stimulating hormone - produces immature eggs
Ludinizing hormone - causes ovulation and peaks estrogen |
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Term
| laprascopy is what? what does it affect? |
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Definition
| cut fallopian tubes so sperm can't get to egg. hormones still operate normally. no affect on ovarian cancer or sex drive |
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Term
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Definition
| acidity of vagina, vaginal folds, cervix, picking correct tube |
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Term
| how does a pregnancy test work |
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Definition
| Placenta produces human chorionic gonadotropin [HCG] -- tests detect HCG -- highest in the morning |
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Term
| What is in ectopic pregnancy |
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Definition
| egg implants in fallopian tube. commonly caused by PID. need to kill baby or remove it. will kill mother. |
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Term
| Critical period of vulnerability? |
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Definition
| 1st trimester. CNS developing, organs developing, susceptible to birth defects |
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Term
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Definition
| agent that causes birth defects [disease, alcohol etc] |
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Term
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Definition
| low nose, high head, heart defects, mental retardation, CNS problems |
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Term
| characteristics of contraception people look at |
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Definition
| convenience, spontaneity, failure rate, cost, long term effects |
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Term
| Male Condom - difference between latx, polyurethane, animal skin |
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Definition
| latex is best because it won't slip off and harder to break. animal skin is more porous - easier to get STDs. poly is baggier. |
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Term
| Female condom - how it works |
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Definition
| latex or poly. two rings. one inserted into vagina, pre-lubricated. can insert 8 hours before sex. great protection against STDs. but expensive and ugly. |
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Term
| Birth control Pill - mechanisms of action |
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Definition
estrogen prevents ovulation by tricking the body into thinking its preggo.
progesterone creates a cervical plug to prevent sperm from getting up.
thins uterine lining. |
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Term
| Birth control pill - advantages |
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Definition
regulates menstrual cycle and makes them easier to live with.
prevents ectopic pregnancy.
reduces risk of ovarian cancer.
prevents PID and acne.
very effective.
doesn't affect future fertility |
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Term
| Birth control pill - disadvantages |
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Definition
| decreased sex drive, stroke and heart attack risk from estrogen, minor side effects |
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Term
| Plan B - mechanisms of action |
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Definition
high dose of progesterone
inhibits ovulation depending on when you take it
thickening mucous, thins lining, decreases motility of tubes
WONT UNIMPLANT AN EGG |
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Term
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Definition
STD means you have consequences of a disease
STI means youre infected but you many not show symptoms |
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Term
| Gonorrhea and chlamydia - how transmitted |
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Definition
| semen and vaginal secretions - likes mucous membranes |
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Term
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Definition
women get more STDs because:
receptive partner is at higher risk
vagina is hollow and holds fluids
membranes are like a sponge
less likley to have symptoms
more serious implications |
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Term
| Gonorrhea and chlamydia - symptoms and % who have symptoms |
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Definition
men - burning on urination, discharge
Gon: 90-95%
Ch: 50%
Women - change in mucous, smelly
Gon and Ch: 25% |
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Term
| Females with untreated STDS |
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Definition
| get PID - scarring, affects future fertility, increase change of ectopic, painful intercourse, pain, infant death |
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Term
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Definition
| lips and genital [thin tissues and mucous membranes] |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| oral herpes can come from? |
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Definition
kissing someone with oral herpes. mouth contact with genital herpes.
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Term
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Definition
| can spread it without having symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
6&11 - cause warts
benign or low grade cervical changes |
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Term
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Definition
16&18 - low grade cervical changes, high grade cervical abnormalities
70% of cancer |
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Term
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Definition
G - 6,11,16,18
men: 6,11
C- 16,18 for women |
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Term
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Definition
| unprotected sex [mucous membranes], sharing needles [blood], mom to baby, breast milk |
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Term
| hiv - how long to get symptoms |
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Definition
| 6 weeks flu-like or nothing. can be asymptomatic for 7 years |
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Term
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Definition
| shingles, sick all the time, losing weight, swollen glands |
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Term
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Definition
| HIV infected but with an opportunistic infections or Tcell count below 200 |
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Term
| HIV Testing: anonymous vs confidential |
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Definition
Anon: only through health dept. no documentation in chart. if pos, need to put name on it to get medical care
Confidential: permanent part of record. more protected on chart though. |
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Term
| 2 week antibody test vs rapid test |
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Definition
2 week: informed consent required. sample drawn. Elisa then if pos do confirmatory. neg and not in window period = accurate.
Rapid: elisa in 20 min but no confirmatory |
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Term
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Definition
written consent required EXCEPT:
federal law [prision etc]
blood, organ retrieval
newborn testing [required] |
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