Term
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Definition
Gram + cocci
non-motile, non-spore forming
facultatively anaerobic
most hardy, resistant species to environment stress
resists dehydration, heat, disinfectants |
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Term
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Definition
suppurative
abscess, pimple, boil, furuncle formation
invasion into deeper tissues can cause pneumonia, osteomyelitis, meningitis, arthritis |
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Term
| Action or Cause for Disease |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Staphlyococcus aureus
Staphylococcus intermedius
Staphylococcus hyicus |
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Term
| Staphylococcus aureus Characteristics |
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Definition
opportunistic pathogen encountered through humans
survives teat dip |
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Term
| Staphylococcus aureus Virulence Factor |
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Definition
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Term
| Staphylococcus aureus Disease and Symptoms |
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Definition
mastitis
suppurative lesions in cattle mammary gland epithelia
symptoms range from subclinical to severe gangrene
subclinical disease causes the most milk loss |
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Term
| Staphylococcus epidermidis Characteristics |
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Definition
part of normal flora of skin
non-pigmented, non-hemolytic
only coagulase negative species |
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Term
| Staphylococcus intermedius Characteristics |
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Definition
non-pigmented, beta-hemolytic
only ONPG (B-galactosidase) positive species
opportunistic pathogen of canine skin |
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Term
| Staphylococcus intermedius Disease |
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Definition
Canine Pyoderma
Staphylococcal cellulitis |
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Term
| Staphylococcus hyicus Disease |
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Definition
exudative epidermatitis of swine
Greasy Pig Disease |
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Term
| Staphylococcus hyicus Virulence Factors |
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Definition
Protein A and Polyuronic acid capsules confer resistance to phagocytosis
carotenoids and catalase to counter oxidative burst and survival inside phagocytes
hyaluronidases, hydrolases, toxin to cause host tissue necrosis and degradation
coagulase walls off infection |
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Term
| Staphylococcus hyicus Symptoms |
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Definition
disease starts on hairless skin surfaces
skin becomes thickened and layer of epidermis peel off |
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Term
| Stages of Abscess Formation |
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Definition
1. release of bacteria products and host-derived complement
2. rapid and extensive infiltration of neutrophils (acute inflammation)
3. neutrophil lysis by Staph leukocidin and hemolysins
4. damaged neutrophils release lysosomal enzymes and cause damage together with Staph enzymes
5. inflammatory area is walled off by thick-walled fibrin capsule partially induced by Staph coagulase
6. from host view, walling off means organism is contained |
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Term
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Definition
Staphlococcus hyicus virulence factor
binds Fc receptors of IgG
prevents binding of FcR of effector cells (PMC, macrophages, NKs)
prevents opsonization and phagocytosis |
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Term
| Staphyloxanthin Mechanism |
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Definition
Staph aureus virulence factor
accepts electrons
resistant to oxygen-dependent killing mechanisms by phagocytes |
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Term
| Exfoliating Toxin Mechanism |
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Definition
exfoliating toxin degrades desmoglein 1
desmoglein 1 is a glycoprotein of desmosomes that hold cells together |
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Term
| Toxic Shock Syndrome Mechanism |
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Definition
toxic shock toxin (TSST-1) crosslinks with TCR peptide chain with peptide chain of MHC-class II molecule
induces excessive secretion of inflammatory cytokines by T-cells
this causes chock
toxin is procued at local site of infection and gets into blood |
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Term
| Toxic Shock Syndrome Symptoms |
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Definition
| fever, rash, hypotension, shock |
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Term
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Definition
TSST-1 or Toxic Shock Toxin
Ligates indiscriminantly with T cells
1,000 fold increase in T cell activaiton |
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