Term
| What religions were prominent in Byzantine and Sasanian lands in the 6th century? |
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Definition
| Christianity, Judaism, Zoroastrianism |
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Term
| Who were/are the Bedouins and how was their society structured? |
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Definition
| they were a group of people who lived in the hijaz. their society was structured in clans and tribes. |
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Term
| What do the words "aural" and "oral" mean in the context of Bedouin culture? |
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Definition
aural- listening
oral- speaking
because the bedouins did not have a written language, they communicated and told stories orally and aurally |
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Term
| Who were the Quraysh and how did they come into prominence in the area around Mecca? |
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Definition
they were a Bedouin tribe that lived around Mecca.
they were the most dominant tribe and protectors the kaaba. |
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Term
| Why was Mecca important before the rise of Islam? |
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Definition
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Term
| who was Muhammad and what were his main teachings? |
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Definition
| he was a prophet who was born into the Quraysh and was orphaned at 6. he was adopted by his uncle and grandpa. he was born around 570. HIS MAIN TEACHING: THERE IS ONE GOD. |
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Term
| What was the cloak story and what does it show about how Muhamad was viewed by Muslims? |
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Definition
| it was a tale about all the different clans fighting over who would put the black cloak over the stone (I THINK THE KAABA) and Muhammad solved the problem deciding that everyone would hold part of the cloth. this showed that he was smart and trustworthy. |
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Term
| How and when did the first revelations come to Muhammad? |
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Definition
During Ramadan as a middle aged man.
he was on a spiritual retreat in a cave
he was commanded to RECITE |
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Term
| What were the first revelations primarily about? |
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Definition
| the unity of god and SOCIAL OBLIGATION |
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Term
| AS Muhammad began to impugn the traditional polytheism of the Arabs, how did many people react? Why? |
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Definition
| they felt like he was threatening the happiness and he was kicked out of the city. the 2 reasons they felt this way were 1) polytheism was all they knew and 2) they thought that the gods would be angry if people converted. |
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Term
| What was the hijra and why was it important in the development of the early community of Muslims? |
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Definition
| It was the first time that Islam left Mecca and began to be spread. The Ummas began to expand and convert people to Islam. The hijra marks the beginning of the Umma calendar |
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Term
| What was one of the ways Muhammad tried to attract Jews to join his religious movement? was he successful? |
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Definition
| he showed that he cared about Judaism and directed prayers to Jeruselem. it was not successful. |
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Term
| How did Muhammad eventually make it back to Mecca? |
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Definition
| he marched back with troops and threatened to take over the city. mecca surrendered. |
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Term
| What does the term Islam mean? |
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Definition
| submission to god (it was the religion) |
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Term
| What does the term Muslim mean? |
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Definition
| one who submits (follower of Islam) |
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Term
| What 2 problems did the Muslim community face immediately after Muhammad's death? |
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Definition
| he died in 632 and there was a problem in deciding who would rule. some wanted there to be a vote, and others wanted to make sure that the power was held within the family (succession). There was also a problem with defining the religion (of Islam) because of the lack of writing. |
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Term
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Definition
| it was a book or collection of revelations made to Muhammad by Allah (emphasis on recitation) |
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Term
| what language was the Quran written in? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| it is a passage or a verse of the Quran |
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Term
| What is the difference (other than content) between the Quran and the Bible? |
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Definition
| the Quran presented god's word and the Bible presented ideas inspired by god's word. |
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Term
| What 3 intruments were used as a call to prayer? (one for judaism, christianity, and islam) |
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Definition
Judaism = shofar (ram's horn)
Christianity = bells
Islam = the human voice (singing and speaking) |
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Term
| What was the primary message of the Quran? |
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Definition
it was momotheistic and presented Allah as the only, all-powerful creator, good just and merciful.
it scorned the Christian notion of the Trinity |
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Term
| What are the 5 pillars of islam? |
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Definition
1) confession of faith
2) Prayer
3) Almsgiving
4) Fasting during Ramadon
5) Pilgramage to Mecca |
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Term
| Explain the second pillar (prayer). |
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Definition
| Muslims have to prayer 5 times everyday in the direction of Mecca. It expressed a believer's submission to god. |
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