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South College Anatomy
Upper limb- muscles, nerves, and innervation
76
Anatomy
Graduate
10/06/2008

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Cards

Term
Deltoid - Origin
Definition
Inferior edge of the crest of the spine of the scapula, lateral margin of the acromion, anterior border of lateral 1/3 of clavicle
Term
Deltoid - Insertion
Definition
Deltoid tuberosity of humerous
Term

Deltoid - Innervation

Definition
Axillary nerve [C5, C6]
Term
Deltoid - Function
Definition
Major abductor of arm (abducts arm beyond initial 15 degrees done by supraspinatus); clavicular fibers assist in flexing the arm; posterior fibers assist in extending the arm
Term
Pectoralis major - Origin
Definition
Clavicular head-anterior surface of medial half of clavicle; sternocostal head-anterior surface of sternum; first 7 costal cartilages; sternal end of 6th rib; aponeurosis of external oblique
Term
Pectoralis major - Insertion
Definition
Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Term

Pectoralis major - Innervation

Definition
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves; clavicular head [ C5, C6];  Sternocostal head [C6, C7, C8, T1]
Term
Pectoralis major - Function
Definition
Flexion, adduction, and medial rotation of arm at glenohumeral joint; clavicular head- flexion of extended arm; sternocostal head- extension of flexed arm
Term

Subclavius - Origin

Definition
First rib at junction between rib and costal cartilage
Term
Subclavius - Insertion
Definition
Groove on inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle
Term
Subclavius - Innervation
Definition
Nerve to subclavius [C5, C6]
Term

Subclavius - Function

Definition
Pulls tip of shoulder down; pulls clavicle medially to stabilize sternoclavicular joint
Term

Pectoralis minor - Origin

Definition
Anterior surfaces and superior borders of ribs III to V; and from deep fascia overlying the related intercostal spaces
Term

Pectoralis minor - Insertion

Definition
Coracoid process of scapula (medial border and upper surface)
Term
Pectoralis minor - Innervation
Definition

Medial pectoral nerve [C6, C7, C8]

Term
Pectoralis minor - Function
Definition
Pulls tip of shoulder down; protracts scapula
Term
Coracobrachialis - Origin
Definition
Apex of caracoid process
Term

Coracobrachialis - Insertion

Definition
Linear roughening on mid-shaft of humerus on medial side
Term
Coracobrachialis - Innervation
Definition
Musculocutaneous nerve [C5, C6, C7]
Term
Coracobrachialis - Function
Definition

Flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint

Term
Biceps brachii - Origin
Definition

Long head- supraglenoid tubercle of scapula;

short head- apex of coracoid process

Term
Biceps brachii - Insertion
Definition
Radial tuberosity
Term
Biceps brachii - Innervation
Definition
Musculocutaneous nerve [C5, C6]
Term
Biceps brachii - Function
Definition
Powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow join an supinator of the forearm; accessory flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint
Term

Brachialis - Origin

Definition
Anterior aspect of humerus (medial and lateral surfaces) and adjacent intermuscular septae
Term
Brachialis - Insertion
Definition
Tuberosity of the ulna
Term
Brachialis - Innervation
Definition

Musculocutaneous nerve [C5, C6]; (small contribution by the radial nerve [C7] to later part of  muscle)

Term

Brachialis - Function

Definition

Powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint

Term
Triceps brachii - Origin
Definition

Long head- infraglenoid tubercle of scapula;

Medial head- posterior surface of humerus;

Lateral head- posterior surface of humerus

Term
Triceps brachii - Insertion
Definition
Olecranon
Term

Triceps brachii - Innervation

Definition
Radial nerve [C6, C7, C8]
Term

Triceps brachii - Function

Definition
Extension of the forearm at the elbow joint.  Long head can also extend and adduct the arm at the shoulder joint.
Term
Palmaris brevis - Origin
Definition
Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum
Term

Palmaris brevis - Insertion

Definition
Dermis of skin on the medial margin of the hand
Term
Palmaris brevis - Innervation
Definition
Superficial branch of the ulnar nerve [C8, T1]
Term
Palmaris brevis - Function
Definition
Improves grip
Term
Dorsal interossei (four muscles) - Origin
Definition
Adjacent sides of metacarpals
Term
Dorsal interossei (four muscles) - Insertion
Definition
Extensor hood and base of proximal phalanges of index, middle, and ring fingers
Term
Dorsal interossei (four muscles) - Innervation
Definition
Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]
Term
Dorsal interossei (four muscles) - Function
Definition
Abduction of index, middle, and ring fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints
Term
Palmar interossei (four muscles) - Origin
Definition
Sides of metacarpals
Term
Palmar interossei (four muscles) - Insertion
Definition
Extensor hoods of the thumb, index, ring, and little fingers and the proximal phalanx of the thumb
Term

Palmar interossei (four muscles) - Innervation

Definition
Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]
Term
Palmar interossei (four muscles) - Functions
Definition
Adduction of the thumb, index, ring, and little fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints
Term
Adductor pollicis - Origin
Definition

Transverse head- metacaarpal

Oblique head- capitate and bases of metacarpals I and II

Term
Adductor pollicis - Insertion
Definition
Base of proximal phalanx and extensor hood of thumb
Term
Adductor pollicis - Innervation
Definition

Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]

Term
Adductor pollicis - Function
Definition
Adducts thumb
Term
Lumbricals (four muscles) - Origin
Definition
Tendon of flexor digitorum profundus
Term
Lumbricals (four muscles) - Insertion
Definition
Extensor hood of index, ring, middle, and little fingers
Term

Lumbricals (four muscles) - Innervation

Definition

Medial two by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve;

Lateral two by digital branches of the median nerve

Term
Lumbricals (four muscles) - Function
Definition
Flex metacarpophalangeal joints while extending interphalangeal joints
Term

Opponens pollicis -  Origin

Definition
Tubercle of trapezium and flexor retinaculum
Term
Opponens pollicis - Insertion
Definition
Lateral margin and adjacent palmar surface of metacarpal I
Term
Opponens pollicis - Innervation
Definition
Recurrent branch of median nerve [C8, T1]
Term
Opponens pollicis - Function
Definition

Medially rotates thumb

Term
Abductor pollicis brevis - Origin
Definition
Tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium and adjacent flexor retinaculum
Term
Abductor pollicis brevis - Insertion
Definition
Proximal phalanx and entensor hood of thumb
Term
Abductor pollicis brevis - Innervation
Definition
Recurrent branch of median nerve [C8, T1]
Term
Abductor pollicis brevis - Function
Definition
Abducts thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint
Term
Flexor pollicis brevis - Origin
Definition
Tubercle of the trapezium and flexor retinaculum
Term
Flexor pollicis brevis - Insertion
Definition
Proximal phalanx of the thumb
Term

Flexor pollicis brevis - Innervation

Definition
Recurren branch of median nerve [C8, T1]
Term
Flexor pollicis brevis - Function
Definition
Flexes thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint
Term

Opponens digiti minimi - Origin

Definition
Hood of hamate and flexor retinaculum
Term
Opponens digiti minimi - Insertion
Definition
Medial aspect of metacarpal V
Term

Opponens digiti minimi - Innervation

Definition
Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]
Term

Opponens digiti minimi - Function

Definition
Laterally rotates metacarpal V
Term
Abductor digiti minimi - Origin
Definition
Pisiform, the pisohamate ligament, and tendon flexor cari ulnaris
Term
Abductor digiti minimi - Insertion
Definition
Proximal phalanx of little finger
Term
Abductor digiti minimi - Innervation
Definition
Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]
Term

Abductor digiti minimi - Function

Definition
Abducts little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint
Term
Flexor diditi minimi brevis - Origin
Definition
Hook of the hamate and flexor retinaculum
Term
Flexor digiti minini brevis - Insertion
Definition
Proximal phalanx of little finger
Term
Flexor digiti minimi brevis - Innervation
Definition
Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]
Term
Flexor digiti minimi brevis - Function
Definition
Flexes little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint
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