Term
| 5 types of somatosensory information |
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Definition
| light touch, vibration, proprioception, pain, temperature |
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Term
| sensory stimuli from the body enters where |
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Definition
|
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Term
| sensory stimuli from the head enters what? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| sensory stimuli from the head enters the brainstem via what? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what are sensory receptors? |
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Definition
| modified nerve endings and free nerve endings |
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Term
| what is an important collective property of the somatosensation pathway |
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Definition
| discriminative or 2-point touch |
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Term
| What are 2 types of sensory receptors regarding tactile sensation and proprioception |
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Definition
| cutaneous mechanoreceptors, muscle mechanoreceptors |
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Term
| what are 5 cutaneous mechanorecetpors |
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Definition
| meissner's corpuscles, pacinian corpuscles, ruffini corpuscles, merkel receptors, hair receptors |
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Term
| what are 3 muscle mechanoreceptors |
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Definition
| muscle spindles, joint capsule receptors, golgi tendon organs |
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Term
| 3 ways in which cutaneous mechanoreceptors can differ |
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Definition
| location in skin, size of receptive fields, adaptation characteristcs |
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Term
| what type of fibers enter the spinal cord |
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Definition
|
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Term
| As dorsal root fibers approach the SC they segregate into what? |
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Definition
| medial bundle, lateral bundle |
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Term
| Composed of larger axons that represent the central processes of neurons associated with encapsulated receptors |
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Definition
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Term
| Medial bundle is composed of larger axons that represent the central processes of neurons associated with encapsulated receptors such as what (4) |
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Definition
| spindles, GTOs, pacinian corpuscles, meissner's corpuscles |
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Term
| composed of smaller unmeylinated or lightly myelinated axons that represent the central processes of neurons associated with what type of receptors? |
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Definition
| non-encaspulated receptors |
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Term
| Composed of larger axons that represent the central processes of neurons associated with what type of receptors |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Composed of larger axons that represent the central processes of neurons associated with what non-encapsulated receptors such as |
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Definition
|
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Term
| each central process divides into branches as it enters the spinal cord, which way do the branches travel |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the branching of the central process provides the opportunity for what? |
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Definition
| intersegmental reflex circuits |
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Term
| sharing of sensory information among nearby spinal levels |
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Definition
| intersegmental reflex circuits |
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Term
| fibers of the medial bundle enter where? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| fibers of the lateral bundle enter where? |
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Definition
| dorsolateral fascisculs (tract of lissaauer) |
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Term
| what happens when the fibers of the lateral bundle enter the dorsolateral fasciculus (tract of lissauer) |
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Definition
| ascend and descend for short distances |
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Term
| what is the primary bases for the overlapping of dermatomes |
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Definition
| intersegmental connections |
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Term
| when fibers of the lateral bundle enter the dorsolateral fasciculus and ascend to descend, these fibers establish synaptic contacts with cells in which horn? |
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Definition
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Term
| when fibers of the lateral bundle enter the dorsolateral fasciculus and ascend to descend, these fibers establish synaptic contacts with cells in the dorsal horn where? |
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Definition
| at the level of entry and at levels above and below the level of entry |
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Term
| Pathway for Conscious Perception of Touch Sensation: ascending pathway: 1st order neuron: cell body |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Pathway for Conscious Perception of Touch Sensation: ascending pathway: 1st order neuron:(3) |
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Definition
| meissner's corpuscles, pacinian corpuscles, merkel's discs |
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Term
| Pathway for Conscious Perception of Touch Sensation: ascending pathway: 1st order neuron:central processes of the dorsal root ganglion synapse with what? |
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Definition
| fasciculus gracilis/cuneatus |
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Term
| Pathway for Conscious Perception of Touch Sensation: ascending pathway: 1st order neurons: fasciculus gracilis/cuneatus synapses with what |
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Definition
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Term
| Pathway for Conscious Perception of Touch Sensation: ascending pathway: 1st order neuron:what does nucelus gracilis/cuneatus synapse with |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Pathway for Conscious Perception of Touch Sensation: ascending pathway: 2nd order neuron:internal arcuate fibers synapse with what? |
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Definition
| contralateral medial lemniscus |
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Term
| Pathway for Conscious Perception of Touch Sensation: ascending pathway: 2nd order neuron: medial lemniscus synapses with what |
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Definition
| ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus |
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Term
| Pathway for Conscious Perception of Touch Sensation: ascending pathway: 3rd order neuron: Ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus synapses with what |
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Definition
| posterior limb of the internal capsule |
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Term
| Pathway for Conscious Perception of Touch Sensation: ascending pathway: 3rd order neuron: posterior limb of the internal capsule synapses with what |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the sensory stimuli for the pain and temperature system |
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Definition
| pain, temperature, some light touch information |
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Term
| what are the sensory receptors for the pain and temperature system |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the sensory receptors for the pain and temperature system are free nerve endings and include what specific receptors? |
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Definition
| nociceptors, thermal receptors |
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Term
| detection and localization of a stimulated pain reecptor |
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Definition
|
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Term
| emotional, affective, and arousal aspects of the detection and localization of a stimulated pain receptor |
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Definition
|
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Term
| mechanonocipcetors associated with sharp, pricking sensation |
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Definition
|
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Term
| polymodal nociceptors associated with slow, burning sensation |
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Definition
|
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Term
| primary axons of the pain and temperature system |
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Definition
|
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Term
| multiple pathways transmit information about pain and temperature, what are they collectively known as |
|
Definition
| spinal lemnsicus or anterolateral system |
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Term
| What are the pain and temperature system pathways known as the spinal lemniscus/ anterolateral system |
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Definition
| all travel together in the anterolateral region of the spinal cord and brainstem |
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Term
| which is the earlier phylogentic tract? lateral spinothalamic or paleospinothalamic |
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Definition
|
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Term
| which is the more elaborate tract? lateral spinothalamic or paleospinothalamic |
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Definition
| neo/lateral spinothalamic tract |
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Term
| which pain and temperature tract has access to consciousness and involves neurons of cerebral cortex |
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Definition
| both neo/lateral spinothalmic tract and paleospinothalamic |
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Term
| pain and temperature system: which tract mediates temperature and fast pain |
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Definition
| neo/lateral spinothalamic tract |
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Term
| pain and temperature system: which tract is rapidly perceived, can be accurately scaled in its intensity, accurately localized on the body surface |
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Definition
| neo/lateral spinothalamic tract |
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Term
| pain and temperature system: which tract is of short duration? |
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Definition
| neo/lateral spinothalamic tract |
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Term
| pain and temperature system: which tract is conveyed by a-delta fibers |
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Definition
| neo/lateral spinothalamic tract |
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Term
| pain and temperature system: which tract which is tested with prick of a pin in the neurological examination |
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Definition
| neo/lateral spinothalamic tract |
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Term
| pain and temperature system: which tract synapses in the ventral posterolateral nucelus of the thalamus |
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Definition
| neo/lateral spinothalamic tract |
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Term
| pain and temperature system: which tract mediates slow, enduring, aching, burning, intense pain |
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Definition
|
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Term
| pain and temperature system: which tract pain that is diffuse (poorly localized or crude) |
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Definition
|
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Term
| pain and temperature system: which tract is associated with a strong emotional component, and may be the reason some seeks medical attention for pain |
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Definition
|
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Term
| pain and temperature system: which tract is conveyed by C fibers |
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Definition
|
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Term
| pain and temperature system: the fibers of the paleospinothalamic tract at the level of the brain stem, assume a more _____ postion than neospinothalamic tract axons |
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Definition
|
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Term
| pain and temperature system: the paleospinothalamic tract is aka |
|
Definition
| paramedial ascending system |
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Term
| as the paleospinothalamic tract (paramedial ascending system) ascends to the thalamus it had distinct projections to numerous brain stem sites including: |
|
Definition
| medullary and pontine reticular formation (spinoreticular tract), and midbrain (ie periaqueductal gray, spinomesencephalic tract) |
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|
Term
| pain and temperature system: paleospinothalamic tract (paramedial ascending system) terminates in what |
|
Definition
| intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus |
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Term
| pain and temperature system: paleospinothalamic tract: fron the thalamus neurons project to limbic system structures such as __(2)___ and subcortical nuclei such as ___(1)____ |
|
Definition
| prefrontal cortex, cingulate gyrus, amygdala |
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|
Term
| mediates the affective and motivational responses to pain |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the dorsolateral fasciculus located |
|
Definition
| spinal gray matter of dorsal horn |
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|
Term
| differences between pain and temperature and touch pathways: origin |
|
Definition
| type of receptor and size of axon |
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|
Term
| differences between pain and temperature and touch pathways: in regards to 2nd order neuron |
|
Definition
| location of 2nd order neuron cell body and location of crossing of its axon |
|
|
Term
| differences between pain and temperature and touch pathways: in regards to pathways and terminations |
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Definition
| multiple pathways, multiple terminations in brainstem and cerebrum |
|
|
Term
| where do axons transmitting pain information first enter the SC |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| after the pain information enters the dorsolateral fasciculus, what do teh fibers do? |
|
Definition
| ascend and descend 1-2 segments before synapsing |
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|
Term
| Spinothalamic tract: 1st order neuron cell body |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinothalamic tract: 1st order neuron: peripheral processes of the dorsal root ganglion carry information from what |
|
Definition
| free nerve endings, thermoreceptors |
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|
Term
| Spinothalamic tract: 1st order neuron: central processes travel through what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinothalamic tract: 1st order neuron: cross to contralateral side where |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinothalamic tract: 2nd order neuron: after the central processes cross the anterior commissure they enter what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinothalamic tract: 2nd order neuron: anterolateral system synapses onto what |
|
Definition
| ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus |
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|
Term
| Spinothalamic tract: 3rd order neuron: Ventral posterolateral nucelus send information out through what |
|
Definition
| posterior limb of the internal capsule |
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|
Term
| Spinothalamic tract: 3rd order neuron: posterior limb of the internal capsule synapses with what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 2 "other" pain pathways |
|
Definition
| spinoreticular tract, spinomesencephalic (spinotectal) tract |
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|
Term
| spinoreticular tract: as paramedial ascending system fibers ascend the brainstem they project via axon collaterals to what? |
|
Definition
| raphe nuclei of reticular formation |
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|
Term
| spinoreticular tract: as paramedial ascending system fibers ascend the brainstem they project via axon collaterals to raphe nuclei of reticular formation of what? (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinomesencephalic (spinotectal) tract: As paramedial ascending system fibers ascend the brain stem, they project via axon collaterals to what? |
|
Definition
| periaqueductal gray and superior colliculi |
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|
Term
| Spinomesencephalic (spinotectal) tract: As paramedial ascending system fibers ascend the brain stem, they project via axon collaterals to periaqueductal gray and superior colliculi of what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinomesencephalic (spinotectal) tract: As paramedial ascending system fibers ascend the brain stem, they project via axon collaterals to periaqueductal gray in the midbrain for what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinomesencephalic (spinotectal) tract: As paramedial ascending system fibers ascend the brain stem, they project via axon collaterals to superior colliculi for what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| indirect pathway conveying information for pain reflexes involving head and eye turning stimulus and for modulation of pain via descending pathways to the spinal cord |
|
Definition
| spinomesencephalic (spinotectal) tract |
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|
Term
| which tract terminates in the reticular formation of the medulla and pons |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which tract terminates in the periaqueductal gray? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which tract terminates in the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tract responsible for light touch sensation |
|
Definition
| anterior spinothalamic tract |
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|
Term
| anterior spinothalamic tract is very similar to what other tract |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| differences between the anterior and neo-spinothalamic tract? |
|
Definition
| tract fibers cross slowly (within 6-8 cord segments), ASTT carries light touch rather than pain and temp |
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|
Term
| Anterior Spinothalamic Tract: afferent fibers synapse where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anterior Spinothalamic Tract: afferent fibers synapse in the dorsal horn gray matter on what? |
|
Definition
| neurons whose axons decussate (cross to contralateral side) |
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|
Term
| Anterior Spinothalamic Tract: afferent fibers synapse in the dorsal horn gray matter on neurons whose axons decussate (Cross to contralateral side) via what? |
|
Definition
| anterior white commissure |
|
|
Term
| Anterior Spinothalamic Tract: afferent fibers synapse in the dorsal horn gray matter on neurons whose axons decussate (cross to contralateral side) via the anterior white commissure and ascend the spinal cord as what? |
|
Definition
| anterior spinothalamic tract |
|
|
Term
| Anterior Spinothalamic Tract: Ascending fibers of the ASTT synapse in what? |
|
Definition
| ventral posterolateral nucelus of the thalamus |
|
|
Term
| Anterior Spinothalamic Tract: travels in which column of the spinal cord? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anterior Spinothalamic Tract: by traveling in the anterior column, this tract is separated from what |
|
Definition
| neo-and paleospinothalamic tracts |
|
|
Term
| in the closed medulla the anterior spinothalamic tract is indistinguishable from which tracts? |
|
Definition
| from those carrying pain and temperature |
|
|
Term
| Pathway for Conscious Perception of Touch Sensation: does input cross over to contralateral side? if so which fibers going to where? |
|
Definition
| yes, internal arcuate fibres go to contralatral side to interact with medial lemniscus |
|
|
Term
| Pathway for Pain and Temperature: Does input cross over to contralateral side? If so which fibers and where? |
|
Definition
| Yes, fibers of dorsal root ganglion cross at anterior white commissure and enter anterolateral system |
|
|
Term
| pathway for light touch sensation: does input cross over to contralateral side? if so which fibers and where? |
|
Definition
| yes, doral root ganglion fibers cross over at anterior commissure and enter anterior spinothalamic tract |
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|
