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| complex, highly order social order |
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| drawing used to represent a word |
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| in ancient civilizations, specially trained persoon who knew how to read, write,and keep records |
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| political unit made up of a city and the surrounding land |
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| group of states or territories controlled by one ruler |
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| spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one people to another |
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| triangular area of marshland formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of some rivers |
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| title of the rulers of ancient Egypt |
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| practice of preserving bodies of the dead |
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| form of picture writing developed by the ancient Egyptians |
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| picture that symbolizes an idea or action |
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| plant that grows along the banks of the Nile; used by the ancient Egyptians to make a paperlike material |
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| system of ranking people within a society |
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| pyramid-temple dedicated to the chief god or goddess of an ancient Sumerian city-state |
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| wedge-shaped writing of the ancient Sumerians |
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| arrange and set down in writing |
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| letters that represent spoken sounds |
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| describing a family headed by the father, husband, or oldest male |
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| spiritual leader believed to be interpreting God's will |
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