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Social Change
test review
42
History
12th Grade
09/26/2013

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Term
quantitative research
Definition
information that is measured numerically ie. statistics. it is obtained through survey's and laboratory based observations.
Term
qualitative research
Definition
information expressed in words and actions. ie. open ended questions through interviews and participant obersavation
Term
descriptive reseach
Definition
used to describe characteriistics of a population or phenomenon being studied. doesnt answer questions except for what?
Term
explanatory research
Definition
to understand the nature and mechanisms of things.
Term
applied research
Definition
application, theories, knowledge and methods of problem solving
Term
pure research
Definition
curiosity, used to increase understanding
Term
after hypothesis whats the nesxt step
Definition
collect data, using a selected research method
Term
primary source
Definition
first hand or field research- surveys, experiments, participant observation
Term
secondary source
Definition
journal, newspaper, books- that others have to say on the topic
Term
participant observation
Definition
watching of a group in some cases living with its members and participating in ther culture to learn or study
Term
distracter question
Definition
question that has nothing to do with the hypothesis youre trying to prove. used so people dont geuess your hypothesis and answer the questions accordingly
Term
social change
Definition
transformations in the beliefs, social interactions, practices,etc. in society. some slowly change others take years. getting rid of prejudice and discrimination takes years and requires changes to laws and policies. whle changes that take place in shorter time is usually in response to a criss
Term
social continuity
Definition
there are structures in society which often seem built to resist change, ie catholic church
Term
anomie
Definition
alienation; mismatch between personal or group standards and wider social standards
Term
conformity
Definition
degree of similarity (clothes, behaviour) o those in your general social circles, those in authority or to the general status quo. implies tendency to submit to others
Term
singularity
Definition
belief everyone in society should act and think the same
Term
pluralism
Definition
wide spread acceptance of differences in culture, religions and values
Term
luddites
Definition
peoplewho oppose new technologies used to have secret society that would destroy textile machines during early years of industrial revolution
Term
law of few
Definition
ultimate success of social epedemics relies on the talent of small group of motivated individuals. 20% of population that makes up 80% of work force
Term
law of few- connectoers
Definition
bring people of separate social circles together
Term
law of few- mavens
Definition
acquire info and pass it on 'word of mouth'
Term
law of few- salmesna
Definition
charismatic, can persuade/negotiate with others to agree with them
Term
stickiness factor
Definition
refers to the way a presentation should be, it should be made so viewers remember and understand the content. ie sesame st-puppets in real world
Term
power of context
Definition
epedemics lined to conditions and circumstances of time and places in which they occur. ie. police crack down on subway crime and it decreased more violent crimes across city
Term
acculturation
Definition
process of contact, exposure and exchange between diff cultures that result in adaptions and changes to both
Term
diffusion
Definition
spread of cultural trait from one society to another through social contact (war, miggration) ie sushi in north america
Term
functionalism
Definition
belief that institutions in society should meet the needs of the majority of its members. change occours on shared values and norms
Term
cultural materalism
Definition
physical materials, conditions, economic activity of an enviro determine how ideas of cultures develop
Term
pe'a
Definition
right of passage in samoa
transition to adulthood
upper class kids
used to take 3 months
intricate
waist to knee
Term
learning theory
Definition
learning can alter the way an individual interprets the world around him or her and can lead to permanent behavioural canges
Term
micro
Definition
study of small groups or individuals in society
Term
macro
Definition
sociological approach that analyzes social systems on large scale
Term
cognitive dissonance
Definition
state of having consistent thoughts, beliefs, attitudes that conflict with one another
Term
cognitive consistency
Definition
individuals seek stimuli that is consistent with their beliefs to limit exposure to those that are inconsistent
Term
social paradigm shift
Definition
when a new set of ideas, beliefs and values become strong enough to affect an change the way individuals see and precieve reality
Term
confirmation bias
Definition
people favour info that confirms their beliefs or hypothesis
Term
collectivist
Definition
individuals are dependent on the group nd personal needs are secondary to group needs
Term
individualist
Definition
it values individual freedos, competition and personal rights
Term
ethnocentrism
Definition
belief that ones culture, nation or ethic group is superior to others
Term
evolutionary
Definition
tells us societies evolve from smple beginnings and over time become compelx
Term
cyclical
Definition
proposes change in society is much like change of seasons. trends, traditions, beliefs and values in society are cynical coming into fashion then falling out
Term
conflict theory
Definition
concerned with inequalities that plague society. according to mar groups with opposing interests are in conflict. ie rich vs poor
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