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(1400's) The backbone of the Ottoman Empire's armed forces.
(1800's)Powerful political force within Ottoman Empire. After turning a blind eye to advances in weapons technology and neglecting training the Empire became vulnerable. (Bently 881) |
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| (1805) Took control of Egypt from the Ottoman's after Napoleon failed to use it as a springboard to attack British India. (Bently 881) |
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| European trade turned here during the 1800's creating economic ills for the Ottoman Empire. |
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| The Atlantic (Bently 881) |
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| Ottoman Reformation Period |
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| Began as early as 1600's when sultans sought to limit taxes, increase agricultural production, and end official corruption. |
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| (1839-1876) Drew considerable inspiration from European Enlightenment. Looked to make Ottoman law acceptable to European countries. (Bently 883-884) |
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| (reigned1876-1909) Was put in power by radical dissidents from the Ottoman bureaucracy. Reformers (in an attempt to check his power) forced him into signing a constitution (which he later suspended after dissolving parliament and exiling and executing liberals). (Bently 885) |
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| Ottoman Society for Union and Progress (Young Turk Society) |
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| Founded in 1889 by exiled ottoman subjects living in Paris. Forced Abdul Hamid II to reinstate the constitution and parliament in 1908. In 1909 They dethroned him. His replacement was Mehmed V Rashid (reigned 1909-1918). From this period Ottoman Sultans were a puppet and reigned without ruling. |
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| Turkic people; not Arabs or Persians |
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| One of the oldest Christian churches - became muslim in 1400's when Ottoman Empire took Constantinople. |
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| Geography of the Ottoman Empire: |
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| Centered around the Mediterranean - spills out to the east. (chronologically it was the successor to the Byzantine Empire). |
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| Center and capital of the Ottoman Empire (except for a brief time when Baghdad was capital). |
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| Ottoman Empire: Time Span |
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1453 - 1918(destruction occurred during WWI)
1453-1683(years of the Shark) |
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| Constantinople Falls - Ottoman Empire begins. |
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| The head of the Ottoman Empire (strongman). |
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| Caliph - Caliphate - Sultan????????? |
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| Ottoman Empire and Minorities |
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| Women Of The Ottoman Empire |
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| Were sometimes veiled, and could own and inherit property. |
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(reigned1520-1566 the same time as Henry VIII)
Philosopher King, Poet, Led one of the 4 sieges on Vienna.
Know as Law-Giver for taking on reform of Shari'ah Law. Reconciled Government, Mohammed's Hadithas, and Koran. |
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| The idea that the Ottoman Empire was weak, but France and Britain wanted it to survive to keep Russia out. |
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| (1453) Islamic invaders went south to India. |
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| 1525 - He was Muslim (gave India 7 generations of extraordinary leaders.) This was known as the Muslim era of India. |
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1555 - On the throne at the same time as Henry VIII (he wanted to combine Hindu and Muslim culture)
Had a large army of 150 men, Hammered India together and then expanded it. (His palace was called Fatephur Sikri). |
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| (1627-1658) The builder of the Tajma Hall (was built by Turkish Arcitect 1632-1653). India begins to get it's own artistic identity. (Wife was Mumtaz Mahal - Tajma Hall was built for her.) |
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| Son of Jehan I - Imprisoned his father and was a fervent muslim. He was a bad guy. Attacked and taxed non-muslims. Prohibits building Hindu temples. |
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| From Rajasthan (a Hindu state in Norther India). Protested Aurangzeb and his hostility toward the Hindi population. |
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| Muslim states that ruled India from 1206-1526 after Moghuls broke through northern Inida. |
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| British East India Company (Calcutta) |
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| A British Joint-Stock trading company (aimed to trade with the east indies, but ended up trading with India and China). |
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| British phase of India begins in Calcutta in 1707 while India is under weak leadership. |
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| Gats - where people are cremated. |
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| doesn't appear on the chinese map because most of the world considers it part of china. |
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Ming: 1368-1644 (last Ethnically chinese dynasty)
(Ch)(Q)ing: 1644-1912 (Invading Manchurian dynasty)
(Before these the Yuan (mongol) dynasty controlled China. |
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| China is invaded by Europe ... and then *Dun, Dun DUN!* - (the terribly treacheries of) communism. |
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reunited China proper after 200 years of rule by the Mongols. Was the last pure dynasty. During this time:
The bubonic plague had just ended
Age of Absolutism
Age of Exploration
The Reformation
The Renaissance
(also rebuilt parts of the Great Wall which is 4,000mi). |
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Began with very long, distant voyages before Portuguese and Columbus.
Cheng He - (famous Eunuch)
Competent admiral
Explored Indian Ocean, East Africa, and Mediterranean
Ships 10 times the size of European ships
Purpose (not money) spread the glory of China and bring back exotic things
Sign up people to business with China
These voyages ended abruptly in 1433 - National Security (mongol and japanese attacks). |
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A kneeling position with forehead on the floor.
Chinese expected this from foreign dignitaries. |
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Mid 1500's China limits Europe to one contact: Macao.
Was Portuguese until 1999.
Chinese began to export goods and import very little - During this time, China grew but didn't develop. |
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(Best jobs in China were government jobs)
Those attempting to get these jobs started in provinces - Mathematics, Geography, and Philosophy of Confucius.
Regional Level
Recommended Man
Pking, moved to capital
Dr. - Examined b Emperor.
This process developed Bureaucracy. |
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| Manchu took china (under Ming, China became stagnant). |
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Embraced Confucius more than Ming.
The last royal house to rule China.
During this time, catholics bring fruits of Sci.Rev. to China
The number of visitors in china increased.
Many were jesuits
"change within tradition" |
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| Trade during the Ching was restricted to this port. |
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Trade with china was blasted open at the point of British guns. (Opium Wars, 1,000 tons of opium was imported by Britain and china didn't like it.)
China lost the opium wars because they weren't modernized. |
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| Japan defeats China - 1894-95. |
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1898 - the emperor lost power at the hands of his Aunt. She tried to uproot European ports along China's shore.
Dies in 1908
2 year old Puyi takes throne. |
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Same size of Montana, until 1500's Japan was derivative of China.
4 main islands - Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. |
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| 1200-1500, Families with private armies feuded all over Japan. Ended when Hideyoshi (unifier of Japan) completed the unification on Honshu. |
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1200-1600 Japan's largest city
Today is practically holy in Japan. |
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| CAN GROW STRAIGHT THROUGH YOU! |
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| CAN GROW STRAIGHT THROUGH YOU! |
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| Institution not prostitution. |
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Emperor
Shogun (actual power)
Damiyo (sp?)
Samuri
Peasants (no middle class). |
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1912 - President after Dowager and envisioned a western, democratic China. There was no peace.
WWI WWII - Communism and Mao beat Shanghi Shek. |
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| introduce guns and Christianity (it would later be banned by Hideyoshi and Christians would be persecuted). |
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| The period of rule by Tokugawa shogunate. 1603-1868. Premodern era. Also known as Edo Period. Ended with the Meiji Restoration of Imperial rule. |
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| America gained interest in Japan |
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| 1848 during gold rush when attention was on California. Whaling pulled America across the Pacific. |
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| Sailed ship with black sails into Edo (Tokyo) Bay in 1853. Shogun agreed to trade with U.S. Japan was cracked open. |
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| Emperor of Japan presents a constitution to his people. (maintains himself outside of this constitution). ALSO - Germany and Italy come up with constitutions. |
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| 1894-95 War with China (Japan won). |
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| 1904-05 Japanese defeat Russia over dispute of land actually belonging to China. |
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| Eight Southeast Asian Countries |
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| Korea, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines, and Singapore. one more? |
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| Spreads the same distance as the U.S. |
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| City-State. Separated from Malaysia as a means of removing Chinese from the country. |
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| City-State. Separated from Malaysia as a means of removing Chinese from the country. |
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Overseas Chinese: people of Chinese birth or descent who live outside the territories administered by the rival governments of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) (mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macau) and the Republic of CHina (ROC)(Taiwan). People of partial Chinese ancestry may also consider themselves Overseas Chinese.
Basically means Chinese Emigration. |
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