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Small Bowel and Colon
Chapter 17
94
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
10/09/2017

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Term
Which position should the patient be placed in to insert the enema tip for a barium enema
Definition
Sims
Term
The opening between the small intestine and the large intestine is called the
Definition
ilececal valve
Term
What is the length of the average adult SMALL intestine
Definition
22 ft
Term
The contraction waves by which the digestive tube moves its contents toward the rectum are called
Definition
peristalsis
Term
The first small intestine radiograph is taken how many minutes after the patient drinks barium
Definition
15 minutes
Term
Preparation of the intestinal tract for examination of the colon includes
Definition
laxatives, dietary restrictions, cleansing enemas
Term
At which plane is the central ray positioned for the PA oblique projections (LAO or RAO) of the large intestine
Definition
a longitudinal place 1 to 2 inches lateral to the midline of the body on the elevated side
Term
What is the central-ray angulation for the PA axial of the large intestine
Definition
30 to 40 degrees
Term
Where is the IR centered for all DECUBITUS projections of the large intestine
Definition
iliac crests
Term
which of the following radiographs are taken during a SINGLE CONTRAST barium enema
Definition
"spot" radiographs, "filled" colon radiographs, post evacuation radiographs
Term
At what level is the center of the IR positioned for a LATERAL projection of the rectosigmoid area
Definition
ASIS
Term
Which of the following demonstrates the rectum and rectosigmoid area in a trial axial projection
Definition
Chassard-Lapine method
Term
The small intestine is divided into how many distinct portions
Definition
3
Term
"High-density" barium sulfate is used primarily for
Definition
double-contrast intestine exams
Term
The central ray angulation for the AP axial projection of the large intestine
Definition
30 to 40 degrees cephalad
Term
The jejunum and ileum are attached to the posterior wall of the abdomen by the
Definition
mesentery
Term
Which plane is centered to the grid for the lateral projection of the large intestine
Definition
midcoronal plane
Term
Which of the following examinations requires the use of time markers on the radiographs
Definition
small intestine
Term
The widest portion of the small bowel is the
Definition
duodenum
Term
The main functions of the large intestine are
Definition
reabsorption of fluids, elimination of waste products
Term
Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the ascending colon
Definition
PA oblique, RAO
Term
The main functions of the small bowel are
Definition
digestion of food, absorption of food
Term
Which methods are used to administer barium for a radiographs examination of the small intestine
Definition
by mouth, reflex filling, enteroclysis
Term
The general term used to describe the surgical procedure of forming an artificial opening to the intestine for the passage of fecal material is
Definition
enterostomy
Term
Where is the IR centered for radiographs of the small intestine that are taken within minutes of drinking the barium
Definition
2 inches above the iliac crests
Term
How long does it take barium to go through the alimentary canal and reach the rectum
Definition
24 hours
Term
High density barium sulfate is used primarily for
Definition
double contrast intestine exams
Term
At what level is the center of the IR positioned for a lateral projection of the rectosigmoid area
Definition
ASIS
Term
At which plane is the central ray positioned for the PA oblique projections (LAO or RAO) of the large intestine
Definition
a longitudinal place 1 to 2 inches lateral to the midline father body on the elevated side
Term
For all projections of the esophagus, the top of the IR is positioned at
Definition
the level of the mouth
Term
For which type of body habits is the large intestine bunched together and positioned very low int he abdomen
Definition
asthenic
Term
For which type of body habits is the stomach almost horizontal
Definition
hypersthenic
Term
For which type of body habits is the stomach nearly vertical
Definition
asthenic
Term
How far above the anus is the enema bah placed during barium enema
Definition
18 to 24 inches
Term
How far is the enema tip inserted into the rectum for a colon examination
Definition
no more than 4 inches
Term
How long does it take to go through the alimentary canal and reach the rectum
Definition
24 hours
Term
How long is the entire alimentary canal
Definition
30 ft
Term
Methods of performing a double contrast barium enema include
Definition
singles tage procedure, two stage procedure
Term
methods of radiographically examine the colon include
Definition
single contrasted double contrast
Term
One of the most important technical considerations in gastrointestinal radiography is
Definition
eliminating of motion
Term
Preparation of the intestinal tract for examination of the colon includes
Definition
laxatives, dietary restrictions, cleansing enemas
Term
The PA oblique projection of the colon done in the LAO position clearly demonstrates the
Definition
descending colon
Term
The ascending portion of the colon joins the transverse colon at the
Definition
right colic flexure
Term
The central ray angulation for the AP axial projection of the large intestine is
Definition
30 to 40 degrees cephalad
Term
The common bile duct and the pancreatic duct usually unite to form the
Definition
hepatopancreatic ampulla
Term
The contraction waves by which the digestive tube moves its contents toward the rectum are called
Definition
peristalsis
Term
The degree of body rotation for an AP oblique projection of the large intestine is
Definition
35 to 45 degrees
Term
The duodenum joins the jejunum at a sharp curve called the
Definition
duodenojejunal flexure
Term
The entire colon is best demonstrated in which projection
Definition
PA or AP
Term
The folds of the thigh inner lining of the stomach are termed the
Definition
rugae
Term
The general term used to describe the surgical procedure of forming an artificial opening to the intestine for the passage of fecal material is
Definition
enterotomy
Term
The jejunum and ileum are attached to the posterior wall of the abdomen by the
Definition
mesentery
Term
The large intestine is made up of a series of pouches called the
Definition
haustra
Term
The main functions of the small bowel are
Definition
digestion of food, absorption of food
Term
The most common contrast medium used for radiologic examinations of the gastrointestinal tract is
Definition
barium sulfate
Term
The most distal portion of the small intestine is the
Definition
ileum
Term
The mucosa of the small intestine contains a series of fingerlike projections called
Definition
villi
Term
The opening between the small intestine and the large intestine is called the
Definition
ileocecal valve
Term
The opening between the stomach and the small intestine is termed the
Definition
pyloric orifice
Term
The opening inside the duodenum where pancreatic enzymes and bile enter is called the
Definition
greater duodenal papilla
Term
The patient preparation for a small intestine examination is
Definition
food and fluid withheld after the evening meal and no breakfast
Term
The pouch like portion of the large intestine that is situated below the junction of the ileum and colon is the
Definition
cecum
Term
The respiration phase for all projections of the large intestine is
Definition
suspended respiration
Term
The vermiform appendix of the colon is attached to the
Definition
cecum
Term
The wall of the colon is composed of how many layers
Definition
4
Term
The wall of the small intestine is composed of how many coats
Definition
4
Term
The widest portion of the small bowel is
Definition
duodenum
Term
What is the average degree of body rotation for an AP oblique projection of the stomach and duodenum
Definition
45 degrees
Term
What is the central ray angulation for the PA axial projection of the large intestine
Definition
30 to 40 degrees caudal
Term
What is the length of the average adult small intestine
Definition
22 ft
Term
What ist he length of the large intestine
Definition
5 ft
Term
Where is the IR centered for all decubitus projections of the large intestine
Definition
iliac crests
Term
Where is the IR centered for delayed radiographs of the small intestine
Definition
level of the iliac crests
Term
Where is the IR centered for radiographs of the small intestine that are taken within 30 minutes of drinking the barium
Definition
2 inches above the iliac crests
Term
Which drug may be given to the patient before a double contrast examination of the stomach to relax the GI tract
Definition
glucagon
Term
Which of the following are advantages of using the recumbent portion for radiographs of esophagus
Definition
varies are better filled, more complete contrast filling especially proximal part
Term
Which of the following are competes of the alimentary canal
Definition
mouth and pharynx, stomach and intestine
Term
Which of the following are essential oblique projections of the stomach and duodenum
Definition
AP projection, LPO
PA projection, RAO
Term
Which of the following are essential projections for examination of the small intestine
Definition
AP, PA
Term
Which of the following are included as components of the alimentary canal
Definition
anus, colon, esophagus
Term
Which of the following contrast mediums are used for examinations of the gastrointestinal tract
Definition
air, barium sulfate, water-double iodinated solution
Term
Which of the following is true regarding inflation of the retention balloon for a barium enema
Definition
it should be inflated by the radiologist using fluoroscopy
Term
Which of the following will demonstrate the duodenal bulb and loop in profile
Definition
PA oblique, RAO
Term
Which plane is centered to the grid for a lateral projection of the large intestine
Definition
midcoronal
Term
Which projection is used for radiographs made during defecography
Definition
lateral
Term
Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the ascending colon
Definition
PA oblique, RAO
Term
Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the lateral aspect of the ascending colon and the medial aspect of the descending colon, when the colon is inflamed with air
Definition
AP, left lateral decubitus
Term
Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the left colic flexure
Definition
PA oblique, LAO
Term
Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the posterior portions of the colon
Definition
lateral, ventral decubitus
Term
Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the right colic flexure
Definition
PA oblique, RAO
Term
Which projection of the colon will best demonstrate the medial aspect of the ascending colon and the lateral aspect of the descending colon when the colon is inflated with air
Definition
AP, right lateral decubitus
Term
Which projections taken during a barium enema will demonstrate the rectosigmoid area
Definition
lateral, PA axial, AP axial
Term
Which projections will clearly demonstrate the descending colon
Definition
Pa oblique, LAO
AP oblique, RPO
Term
Which projections will clearly demonstrate the right colic flexure
Definition
AP oblique, LPO
PA oblique, RAP
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