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Skeletel System
113- Wallace
70
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
02/05/2016

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Term
Coronal Suture
Definition
suture extending across the skull, between the frontal and parietal bones
Term
Sagittal Suture
Definition
extends from the front to the back of the skull, between paired parietal bones
Term
Lamboidal suture
Definition
Located between occipital bone and paired parietal bones
Term
Orbital walls
Definition
composed of the orbital plates of surrounding bones
Term
Orbital Wall: FRONTAL BONE
Definition
roof or superior wall
Term
Orbital Wall: ETHMOID BONE
Definition
greatest portion of medial wall
Term
Orbital Wall: LACRIMAL BONE
Definition
anterior medial corner of the orbit
Term
Orbital Wall: Orbital surfaces of MAXILLA
Definition
floor of inferior wall
Term
Orbital Wall: Zygomatic bone
Definition
Anterior portion of lateral wall
Term
Orbital wall: Greater wing on Spehnoid bone
Definition
posterior portion of lateral wall
Term
Orbital Apex
Definition
composed of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone (forming the base) and palatine bone (a small inferior portion)
Term
What is the opening in the orbital apex? Where does it lie?
Definition
Optic Canal. Lies between the two roots of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone
Term
What optic nerve passes through optic canal to reach the eyeball?
Definition
Second Cranial Nerve= Optic Nerve
Term
What artery passes through the canal to reach the eye?
Definition
Opthalmic Artery
Term
Where is the Superior orbital fissure located?
Definition
Lateral to optic canal, between the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid bone
Term
What nerves pass through superior orbital fissure?
Definition
3rd- oculomotor nerve
4th- Trochlear nerve
5th- ophthalmic nerve from Trigeminal
6th- abducent nerve
Term
Where is the inferior orbital fissure located?
Definition
between the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and the maxilla
Term
What does the inferior orbital fissure connect?
Definition
The orbit with the infratemporal and pterygopalatine fossae
Term
What nerves branch from the inferior orbital fissure?
Definition
Infraorbital and zygomatic nerves (branches of the maxillary nerve) 5th cranial nerve
Term
What artery/veins passes through inferior orbital fissure?
Definition
Infraorbital artery/ophthalmic vein to join the pterygoid plexus of veins
Term
Nasion
Definition
midpoint landmark, located at the junction of the frontal and nasal bones
Term
Piriform aperture
Definition
anterior opening of the nasal cavity (large and triangular)
Term
How is the bridge of the nose formed?
Definition
formed from the paired nasal bones.
Term
How are the lateral bounderies of the nasal cavity formed?
Definition
by the maxillae
Term
Nasal conchae
Definition
Three projecting structures that extend inward from the maxilla creating the lateral walls of the nasal cavity
Term
Nasal septum
Definition
vertical portion of the nasal cavity that divides the nasal cavity into two portions
Term
What is the anterior portion of the nasal septum formed by?
Definition
nasal septal cartilage inferiorly and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone superiorly
Term
What is the posterior portion of the nasal septum formed by?
Definition
the vomer
Term
On the lateral external surface of the skull are 2 separate parallel ridges crossing both the frontal and parietal bones. What are their names?
Definition
Superior ridge- superior temporal line
inferior ridge- inferior temporal line
Term
What is the superior boundary of the temporal fossa? What muscle attaches there?
Definition
Inferior temporal line. Temporalis muscle attaches there.
Term
Where is the squamosal suture located?
Definition
Between the temporal and parietal bones
Term
What is the temporal fossa formed by and what does it contain?
Definition
Formed by several bones of the skull and contains the body of the temporalis muscle.
Term
What is inferior to the temporalis fossa?
Definition
Infratemporal fossa.
Term
What is deeper to the infratemporal fossa, which is also harder to see?
Definition
Pterygopalatine fossa
Term
How is the zygomatic arch formed?
Definition
By the union of the broad temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the slender zygomatic process of the temporal bone.
Term
What bones is the temporozygomatic suture located between?
Definition
Temporal and zygomatic
Term
Zygomatic arch serves as the origin for the masseter muscle
Definition
Term
TMJ
Definition
MOVEABLE articulation between the temporal bone and the mandible
Term
How is the hard palate formed?
Definition
Formed by the 2 palatine processes of the maxillae and the two horizontal plates of the palatine bones
Term
What borders the hard palate?
Definition
The alveolar process of the maxilla and its maxillary teeth
Term
What two sutures are present on the hard palate?
Definition
Median palatine suture and transverse palatine suture.
Term
How is the median palatine suture formed?
Definition
It is a midline articulation between the two palatine processes of the maxilla anteriorly, and the two horizontal plates of the palatine bones posteriorly.
Term
How is the transverse palatine suture formed?
Definition
It is an articulation between the two palatine processes of the maxillae and the horizontal plates of the palatine bones.
Term
The hard palate forms the floor of the nasal cavity, as well as the roof of the mouth.
Definition
Term
The posterior edge of the hard palate forms the inferior border of what structure?
Definition
Posterior nasal apertures or chonchae
Term
The superior border of each aperture is formed by which structure?
Definition
Vomer and Sphenoid bone
Term
Near the superior border of each posterior nasal aperture is what structure?
Definition
Pterygoid canal
Term
The pterygoid canal extends to open into the pterygoplatine fossa. What structure does it cary?
Definition
Pterygoid nerve and and blood vessels
Term
The lateral borders of the posterior nasal apertures are formed on each side by what structure?
Definition
Pterygoid process of sphenoid bone
Term
Each pterygoid process consists of what structure?
Definition
Medial pterygoid plate and lateral pterygoid plate
Term
The depression between the medial and lateral plates is called what?
Definition
Pterygoid fossa
Term
Hamulus
Definition
inferior portion of the medial plate of the pterygoid process
Term
Foramen Ovale
Definition
larger anterior oval opening on the spenoid bone
Term
What travels through the foramen ovale?
Definition
The mandibular division of the 5th cranial nerve or trigeminal nerve.
Term
Formaen spinosum
Definition
smaller and more posterior opening
Term
What travels through the foramen spinosum?
Definition
Middle meningeal artery into the cranial cavity
Term
The large foramen lacerum is on the external surface of the skull
Definition
Term
What is located posterolateral to the foramen lacerum?
Definition
Opening in the petrous portion of the temporal bone, the carotid canal
Term
What does the carotid canal carry?
Definition
The internal carotid artery and sympathetic carotid plexus.
Term
Styloid process
Definition
lateral and posterior to the carotid canal
Term
What is posterior to the styloid process?
Definition
Stylomastoid foramen
Term
What passes through stylomastoid foramen?
Definition
7th cranial nerve- Facial nerve exits from the skull to the face
Term
Jugular foramen location
Definition
medial to the styloid process
Term
What passes through the jugular foramen?
Definition
Internal jugular vein and 3 cranial nerves. 9th- glosso-pharyngeal, 10th- Vagus, 11th- accessory nerve
Term
Largest opening on the inferior view is what structure?
Definition
Foramen Magnum of the occipital bone
Term
What passes through foramen magnum?
Definition
Spinal cord, vertebral arteries, 11th cranial nerve- accessory nerve
Term
What nerve is associated with cribiform plate?
Definition
1st cranial- olfactory nerve
Term
What nerve is associated with foramen rotundum?
Definition
Maxillary division of 5th cranial nerve or trigeminal nerve
Term
What nerve is associated with Hypolossal canal?
Definition
12th cranial nerve- Hypoglossal nerve
Term
What nerve is associated with internal acoustic meatus?
Definition
7th cranial- facial nerve
8th cranial- vestibulocochlear nerve
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